美國史上最大氣候法案
The largest climate bill ever legislated in US history has been made official on August 16, 2022, after President Joe Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act into law.
拜登總統於2022年8月16日簽署通過《降低通膨法案》，為美國史上最大的氣候法案。
legislate(v.)立法;制定法律;通過(新法)legislate against gambling立法禁止賭博
The act seeks to reduce carbon emissions by 40% to reach 2005 levels by 2030.
法案企圖在2030年前減少40％的碳排放量，以回復到2005年的水準。
seek to RV企圖、希望、設法做某事emit(v.)排放;散發(光、雜訊、氣味或氣體)emission(n.)(氣體)排放、排放物carbon emissions碳排放(量)
In total, $369 billion will be channeled to fund energy and climate projects, including $161 billion in new tax credits to incentivize clean electricity and around $80 billion to encourage consumers to purchase new or used electric vehicles and improve the energy efficiency of their homes.
總計3,690億美元將投入資助能源和應對氣候變遷計畫，其中1,610億美元將用於提供稅額減免，鼓勵使用乾淨電力，另有約800億美元將用於鼓勵消費者購買新的或二手的電動汽車，提升家庭能源效率。
channel(n.)(電視)頻道、海峽(v.)把…導入;將…引入;投入tax credits稅額減免;抵減稅額incentivize(v.)刺激、激勵incentive(n.)激勵;獎勵;誘因electric vehicles 電動車(EV)energy efficiency 能源效率
The White House presented the legislation as a multipronged approach.
白宮將該法案塑造為多管齊下的措施。
present…as…將…呈現、塑造為…multipronged(adj.)多管齊下的prong(n.)(尤指叉子)尖齒a multipronged attack多管齊下的攻擊a multipronged approach多管齊下的措施
It aims to revitalize the local manufacturing sector towards the production of green technologies and support it with the creation of well-paid union jobs.
方案計畫振興本土製造業，產生環保技術，並創造高薪且有工會保障的工作加以支持。
revitalize(v.)使獲得新生、使復興、使恢復生機(或元氣)(labor) union公會
The whole endeavor will be funded by tax reforms aimed at wealthy and large corporations currently paying little to no federal income tax.
整體計畫將透過稅制改革，由目前幾乎沒有在繳聯邦所得稅的大財團支付。
endeavor(n.)嘗試;努力aimed at…以…為目標、主要對象=targeted at…
As the law will allow Medicare to negotiate drug prices, lower costs are expected for out-of-pocket drugs, but whether this results in tangible savings for people on Medicare, especially seniors, is yet to be known, experts say.
專家表示，由於法案還將允許聯邦醫療保險就藥品價格進行談判，預計自費藥物的價格會降低，但實際上是否會為投保聯邦醫療保險的民眾省錢，尤其是年長者，尚不得而知。
out-of-pocket自掏腰包墊付的
With Democrats already on a victory lap after President Biden signed the law, skepticism prevails among economists.
拜登總統簽署《降低通膨法案》，象徵著民主黨的一大勝利，不過經濟學家們卻普遍抱持懷疑態度。
a victory lap(贏得比賽勝利後的)繞場慶祝skepticism(n.)懷疑態度=doubtprevail(v.)流行;盛行
Penn Wharton Budget Model explains the act will very slightly increase inflation until 2024 and decrease inflation afterwards, and that confidence that the act could have any impact on inflation was low.
根據賓州大學華頓商學院預算模型，該法案將在2024年前略微提高、然後降低通膨，且該法案可能對通膨產生影響的信心低落。
have an impact on 對～造成衝擊
New York Times columnist Paul Krugman argued the legislation was more of a “deficit reduction act,” as ushering in a clean energy transition was more likely to decrease inflationary pressure rather than inflation itself.
紐約時報專欄作家保羅克魯曼認為，《降低通膨法案》比較像是「減少赤字的法案」，因為引入乾淨能源轉型比較有可能降低通膨壓力，而非通膨本身。
legislation(n.)立法;(制定)法律deficit(n.)赤字;逆差;虧損a budget deficit預算赤字a trade deficit貿易逆差surplus(n.)盈餘;順差a budget surplus預算結餘a trade surplus貿易順差usher in開創(尤指重大的變化或新事物);開始;開啓a clean energy transition乾淨能源轉型inflationary(adj.)通膨的