挑戰憲法！
In one of his first acts as president, Donald Trump signed an executive order on Jan. 20 calling for the end of birthright citizenship in the United States.
美國總統川普在1月20日上任時簽署行政命令，要求終止美國的出生公民權。
executive(adj.)行政的executive order行政命令call for呼籲
Under this order, those born in America or its territories to some non-citizen parents would not be automatically granted the right of citizenship protected by the U.S. Constitution.
根據這項命令，在美國或其領土出生、父母不是公民的人，將不再自動獲得由美國憲法所保障的公民權。
territory(n.)領土non-citizen(adj.)非公民automatic(adj.)自動的、automatically(adv.)自動地grant(v.)賦予、給予
The Constitution’s 14th Amendment, which was passed in 1868, gave citizenship to freed slaves who were born in the U.S., and later to Native Americans.
美國憲法第十四條修正案於1868年通過，賦予在美國出生的解放奴隸公民權，後來也賦予美國原住民公民權。
amend(v.)修正、修訂amendment(n.)修正案Native Americans美國原住民
Since 1898, this idea of birthright citizenship has been applied to immigration.
自1898年以來，出生公民權的概念被應用於移民問題。
be applied to...被應用於...immigration(n.)移民
In that year, the Supreme Court ruled 6-2 that a Chinese American cook named Wong Kim Ark was a U.S. citizen due to being born in the U.S. despite his parents being immigrants from China.
當年，美國最高法院以6比2的票數裁定，華裔廚師黃金德因為在美國出生，儘管父母是中國移民，仍然擁有美國籍。
the Supreme Court最高法院rule(v.)裁定despite(prep.)儘管=in spite of
As a result of this decision, citizenship has been given to all people born on American soil regardless of their parents’ immigration status.
這一判決結果使得所有在美國國土上出生的人，不論其父母的移民身份如何，都獲得了公民身份。
as a result of因為=because of=owing to=due toset foot on American soil踏上美國國土regardless of不管、不論social status社會地位
Despite being backed by Trump’s executive power, the order to abolish this practice has been challenged by 22 states and various civil groups.
儘管得到川普的行政權支持，但廢除出生公民權的命令還是受到了22個州及各民間團體的反對。
back(v.)支持=supportstandard practice標準做法object(v.)反對=oppose
Consequently, a federal judge in Seattle temporarily blocked the order, saying it was “blatantly unconstitutional.”
因此，西雅圖的一位聯邦法官暫時阻止了該命令，稱其「公然違憲」。
consequently(adv.)因此=as a result=therefore=thusblatant(adj.)明目張膽的;公然的blatantly(adv.)極明顯地、公然地unconstitutional(adj.)違憲的
Trump’s team will now have to prove that birthright citizenship should not apply to children born in the U.S. to parents without legal or permanent status.
川普的執政團隊現在必須證明，出生公民權不應該適用於父母沒有合法或永久身份，在美國出生的孩子。
prove(v.)證明、proof(n.)證據apply to適用於
According to the American Immigration Council, abolishing birthright citizenship may be difficult, as its legal precedent comes from a historic Supreme Court case involving the 14th Amendment.
根據美國移民協會的說法，廢除出生公民權可能很困難，因為其法律先例來自最高法院的歷史性判例，涉及第十四條修正案。
as per根據precedent(n.)先例unprecedented(adj.)史無前例的;空前的;絕無僅有的set a precedent開創先例
Many legal scholars believe that such a change to citizenship laws can only be achieved through a Constitutional amendment, not an executive order.
許多法律學者認為，此類公民權修法只能透過憲法修正案來實現，而非只靠行政命令。
scholar(n.)學者scholarship(n.)獎學金