來自黑洞的榮耀
Three scientists have won the 2020 Nobel prize in physics for proving black holes in theory and for discovering a black hole in our galaxy. They are Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel, and Andrea Ghez, who will share the prize awarded to them.
2020年諾貝爾物理學獎結果揭曉，由彭羅斯、根策爾與吉茲三位科學家平分獎金，他們分別因致力於證明黑洞存在的理論以及發現銀河系中的黑洞而獲獎。
in theory 理論上來說in practice 實際上=in realitydiscover(v.)發現prize=prize money獎金award(n.)獎項(v.)頒獎獎項be awarded to某人 獎項頒發給…人be awarded獎項 某人獲頒…獎項
Black holes form when an enormous mass is squashed into a small space.
當巨大的質量被塞入一個很小的空間時，就會形成黑洞，
enormous(adj.)巨大的=huge=vast=very largesquash(v.)把…壓扁、把…擠扁、(使)擠進、把…塞進…
This creates an object where gravity is so strong that even light cannot escape. In this space, the laws of physics, as we know them, would break down.
這會創造出一個物體，其重力是如此之強，甚至光線也無法逃脫。在這個空間中，我們所知的物理定律都將失效。
where=in whichgravity(n.)重力;地吸引力so adj. that…如此地…以致於…the laws of physics法則break down (機器等)故障、情緒崩潰、(關係或制度)瓦解、崩解、失效
Black holes were predicted by Einstein’s general theory of relativity, although Einstein himself claimed that they could not exist in reality.
儘管愛因斯坦本人聲稱實際上並不存在，他的廣義相對論卻預言黑洞的存在。
the general theory of relativity廣義相對論although(conj.)雖然claim(v.)聲稱in reality實際上=in practice
Dr. Penrose, a British mathematical physicist of the University of Oxford, invented a new way of describing space-time and proved that black holes are a necessary consequence of Einstein’s theory.
英國牛津大學的數學物理學家彭羅斯發明了一種新的描述空間和時間的方式，證明愛因斯坦廣義相對論的直接計算結果就是黑洞的形成。
mathematical(adj.)數學physicist(n.)物理學家necessary(adj.)必要的;必定的consequence(n.)結果、後果=result=outcomea necessarily evil必要之惡
He later worked with Stephen Hawking, a leading black hole theorist, until Hawking’s death in 2018.
之後彭羅斯和頂尖黑洞理論學家霍金合作，直到霍金於2018年去世。
theorist(n.)理論學家until直到…
The general public might not be able to comprehend Penrose’s theory, but many may have seen arts inspired by his work, such as “Ascending and Descending” by the Dutch artist M.C. Escher.
一般大眾可能無法理解彭羅斯的理論，但許多人可能見過受他研究啟發的藝術作品，像是荷蘭版畫藝術家艾薛爾的「升與降」。
comprehend(v.)充分理解、領悟=fully grasp or understandmay have V.pp 過去可能be inspired by…受…的啟發;由…給予靈感ascend(v.)上升descend(v.)下降
Dr. Genzel, a German astrophysicist, and Dr. Ghez, an American astrophysicist, independently discovered a black hole in our galaxy through decades-long observations of how stars and gases move around the black hole.
德國天文物理學家根策爾與美國天文物理學家吉茲各自花了數十年的時間觀察恆星和氣體如何被吸入黑洞，從而證明黑洞實際存在。
astronomy(n.)天文學astrology(n.)占星學astrophysicist(n.)天文物理學家independently(adj.)獨立地=alone=individuallyobserve(v.)observation(n.)觀察;觀測
Ghez is only the fourth woman to be awarded a Nobel in physics. “I hope I can inspire other young women into the field. It is a field that has so many pleasures, and if you are passionate about the science, there is so much that can be done,” she said.
吉茲是第四位獲得諾貝爾物理學獎的女性，她表示：「我希望能激勵其他女性加入這個領域，這是一個充滿樂趣的領域，如果妳對科學有熱忱，那麼還有很多研究可以做。」
人be awarded獎項 某人獲頒…獎項be passionate about 對…有熱情;對…有熱忱=be enthusiastic about=be keen on