非洲經濟現況
Like many countries across the world, African nations have been heavily affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, climate change and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
就如同世上許多國家，非洲國家受到疫情、氣候變遷和俄烏戰爭影響甚鉅。
affect(v.)影響invasion (n.)侵略,侵犯；invasion of privacy 侵犯隱私
The continent was struck hard by the global pandemic.
全球疫情對非洲造成的影響很大。
strike (v.)襲擊；三態：strike-struck-struck
According to the African Development Bank, in 2019, the gross domestic product growth rate of the whole continent was 3.3%, but by 2020, it contracted by 1.6%.
根據非洲開發銀行的數據，非洲2019年的GDP成長率為3.3％，但到了2020年卻下跌1.6％，
contract (v.) 收縮,縮小 (n.)合約：sign a contract簽合約
The African economy was able to rally the next year to reach an estimated 6.9% in 2021, thanks to rising oil prices.
到了2021年，由於油價上漲的原因，非洲經濟又重新振作，預計達到6.9％。
rally (n.)集會 (v.)恢復,重新振作thanks to 多虧,由於
Nigeria and South Africa, the top African economies based on annual GDP, with GDPs of $441.54bn and $418.02bn respectively, are resource-rich nations that benefited from the increase in global demand.
奈及利亞和南非從年GDP的角度來看都是非洲名列前茅的經濟體，其GDP分別是4415.4億和4180.2億，這兩個國家都是資源豐富的國家，受惠於全球需求的增加。
respectively(adv.)分別地benefit (v.)得益,受惠
However, the current Russo-Ukrainian conflict is expected to cause a deceleration of GDP growth rate to 4.1% in 2022.
然而，目前的俄烏衝突預計使2022年的GDP成長率下降至4.1%。
Russo- 俄國的cause (n.)原因 (v.)造成deceleration (n.)減速；acceleration (n.) 加速
This is partly because these two countries are amongst the top five global exporters of barley, sunflowers, and corn.
有部分原因是這兩國都是全球大麥、向日葵和玉米的前五大出口國。
export (v.)出口,輸出；exporter (n.)出口國,出口商
Nigeria, the world’s fourth largest wheat importer, receives a fourth of its imports from Russia and Ukraine; the country is expected to face severe inflation as a result.
奈及利亞是世界第四大小麥進口國，其中有四分之一是從俄羅斯和烏克蘭進口的，因此該國預計將面臨嚴重通膨。
importer (n.)進口國inflation (n.)通貨膨脹；rising inflation 持續上漲的通膨；inflation rate通膨率
The African Economic Outlook 2022 report makes it clear the effects of these crises could last over several years.
「非洲2022年經濟展望報告」清楚說明了這些危機可能持續多年。
outlook (n.)前景,展望last (v.)持續