勞動力銳減
Taiwan has seen a sluggish growth in labor supply in the past year. This is attributed to the country’s fast-aging population and exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic.
受到人口快速老化影響，加上新冠肺炎疫情的打擊，去年台灣勞動市場的勞動力人數成長緩慢。
sluggish(adj.)行動緩慢的、遲緩的supply and demand供給與需求attribute 結果 to 原因 將…歸因於…be attributed to…被歸因於;因為…=be due to…=be caused by…age(v.)老化、ag(e)ing老化中的exacerbate(v.)使惡化、使加劇、使加重=make sth. worse=worsen=aggravate
Taiwan is set to become a super-aged society by 2025, meaning that 20 percent of Taiwanese people will be aged 65 or over, as stated in a report released by the National Development Council in 2020.
根據國家發展委員會於2020年發布的報告，台灣在2025年將成為超高齡社會，這代表有20％的人口將會是65歲以上。
a super-aged society 超高齡社會an ag(e)ing society 高齡化社會aged society 高齡社會as stated in…根據…所述=according to...
The demographic change is primarily the result of a low fertility rate and longer life expectancies.
人口結構改變的主因是低生育率和預期壽命變長。
demographics(n.)人口統計學、人口統計資料;人口統計結果demographic(adj.)人口的;人口統計的;人口學的fertility rate生育率=birth ratemortality rate死亡率=death ratelife expectancy 預期壽命=life span
Among the many challenges posed by an aging society is a shrinking workforce.
高齡化社會帶來的眾多挑戰之一是勞動力不斷地減少。
among(prep.)在…之中shrinking workforce勞動力縮減
The latest data released by the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics shows that Taiwan’s workforce, defined as individuals over the age of fifteen who are employed or are seeking work, averaged 11.964 million from January to November in 2020.
主計處公佈的最新數據顯示，去年1至11月台灣的勞動人口（亦即15歲以上，有工作或正在找工作的民眾）平均為1196.4萬人，
Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics行政院主計總處be defined as…被定義為…average(n.)平均(值)(v.)平均達到
This represents a mere 0.16 percent growth from 2019, marking the lowest growth rate ever recorded.
相較於2019年僅成長0.16％，是有史以來最低增速。
represent(v.)代表=stand for
A decrease in workforce can have serious repercussions for the economy.
勞動力的減少會對經濟產生嚴重影響。
repercussion(n.)(尤指壞的)影響、後果=consequenceimplication(n.)可能的影響;可能的後果
A one percent decline in labor supply growth would shave off a half-point to two-thirds of a percentage point in GDP growth, according to a 2017 Bloomberg article on aging societies in Asia.
彭博社（Bloomberg）於2017年發表了一篇探討亞洲高齡化社會問題的文章，文章指出，勞動力人數成長每下降百分之一，GDP成長的比率就會減少零點五至三分之二個百分點。
shave off 減少、削減=reduce
Moreover, the need for long-term care grows as the senior population increases.
此外，隨著老年人口增加，長照需求也在增長。
If the need cannot be fulfilled by the government, individuals will have to take it upon themselves to care for their elderly.
如果政府無法滿足需要，則民眾將不得不自己照顧家中年長者。
take it upon yourself to do sth自行承擔…的責任
In fact, in the same report released by the DGBAS, it was found that the number of working-age individuals who are unemployed because they have to take care of a family member aged 65 or older has grown from around 130,000 in 2018 to 150,000 in 2020.
事實上，主計處發佈的同一份報告指出，因為必須照顧家中65歲以上長輩而無法就業的人口已從2018年的13萬人，增加至2020年的15萬。
unemployed(adj.)失業的=jobless
The slump in workforce was worsened in 2020 by the pandemic, as many companies implemented a hiring freeze.
雪上加霜的是，2020年因為疫情的關係，許多公司實施人事凍結，導致勞動力人數急遽下滑，
slump(n.)(價格、價值、銷售額等的)猛跌;暴跌、蕭條(期);衰落implement(v.)執行;實行=carry outa hiring freeze人事凍結
DGBAS officials expect job openings to pick up again when the pandemic subsides.
主計處官員預期疫情消退後，職缺數會回升，
job openings 職缺pick up 改善、增強subside(v.)(狀況)趨於平緩、平息=abate=die down
The demographic challenges, however, call for serious policy changes before the impact becomes more tangible.
不過，政府仍須就人口結構變化的影響變得更加有感前，進行重大的政策調整。
call for... 需要...tangible(adj.)真實的、非想像的、可觸摸的、可感知的tangible and intangible world heritage有形與無形世界文化遺產