
經濟學人報告
Taiwan has ranked as the strongest democracy in Asia in the Economist Intelligence Unit’s 2021 Democracy Index.
經濟學人智庫(EIU)公布2021年「民主指數」報告,台灣被評為亞洲民主表現最佳的國家。
Economist Intelligence Unit經濟學人智庫index(n.)指數the Dow Jones Index道瓊指數
The EIU Democracy Index measures the state of democracy in 167 countries and regions around the world.
EIU民主指數評比全球167個國家和地區的民主狀況。
measure(v.)評量;評比=assess=evaluatestate(n.)狀態;情形;狀況in a state of shock處於驚嚇的狀態
Criteria of the index include: electoral process and pluralism, civil liberties, the functioning of government, political participation, and political culture.
評分標準包括選舉過程與多元性、公民自由、政府效能、政治參與,以及政治文化。
criterion(n.)(單數型)(作出評判、決定的)標準;準則=standard(複數型criteria)electoral(adj.)(有關)選舉的the electoral system選舉制度electoral defeat選舉失利pluralism(n.)多元性;多元化;多元主義cultural pluralism文化的多元liberty(n.)自由=freedomStatue of Liberty自由女神像civil liberties公民自由
Taiwan was the only nation in Asia that made it into the global top 10, becoming the eighth-strongest democracy in the world, moving up three notches from the year before.
台灣是亞洲唯一進入全球前十的國家,排名世界第八,相較前一年上升了三個名次。
make it into…躋身;打入notch(n.)等級;名次;檔次
Nations with the most outstanding performances were mostly Western European, with Norway winning first place, followed by New Zealand, Finland, Sweden, Iceland, Denmark and Ireland.
表現最突出的多半是西歐國家,挪威排名第一,其次是紐西蘭、芬蘭、瑞典、冰島、丹麥和愛爾蘭。
outstanding(adj.)優秀的;卓越的;出眾的=excellentan outstanding performance傑出的表現an outstanding writer優秀的作家with O OC 附帶狀況的說明win first place=come in first排名第一followed by…緊接在後的是…;其次是…
Taiwan, along with Japan and South Korea, began to be categorized as “full democracies” instead of “flawed democracies” in the EIU report last year.
去年EIU的報告開始將台灣、日本和韓國歸類為「完全民主國家」,而不是「有缺陷的民主國家」。
category(n.)類別categorize(v.)分類categorize…as… 將~歸類為~instead of…而不是=rather thanflaw(n.)瑕疵flawed(adj.)有瑕疵的、不完美的=imperfect
Only 21 countries qualified as “full democracies,” while 53 countries were classified as “flawed democracies.”
只有21個國家被歸類為「完全民主國家」,53個國家被歸類為「有缺陷的民主國家」。
qualify as... 符合(資格等)classify(v.)分類;歸類=categorize
Notably, the United States was placed 26th and deemed a “flawed democracy.”
值得注意的是,美國全球排名第26位,被視為「有缺陷的民主國家」。
notably(adv.)值得注意地deem(v.)認為;視為=consider
Meanwhile, a total of 34 countries were grouped in the “hybrid regime” bracket, and 59 countries were regarded as “authoritarian regimes.”
同時,共有34個國家被納入「混合政權」類別,59個國家被視為「專制政權」。
group(v.)歸類hybrid(adj.)混合式的a hybrid car油電混合車bracket(n.)括號;等級;類別authoritarian(adj.)獨裁的;專制的authority(n.)權威authoritarian regimes獨裁政權;專制政權
North Korea, Myanmar and Afghanistan were at the bottom of the rankings, placed 165th to 167th.
北韓、緬甸和阿富汗排名墊底,分別排在第165位至第167位。
at the bottom of the rankings排名墊底placed=and they were placed…排名
The report says most of the nations around the world have seen a decline in their democracy scores during the pandemic.
報告指出,疫情期間,世界上大多數國家的民主分數都下滑。
decline(n.)(v.)減少、衰落、降低cognitive decline認知能力衰退
Civil liberties have significantly reduced in both developed democracies and authoritarian regimes as governments have implemented lockdowns, travel restrictions and vaccine passports to tackle surging COVID infections.
各國政府實施封城、旅遊限制和疫苗護照等規定,以應對感染病例激增,不管是成熟民主國家或威權體制下的公民自由都大幅限縮。
significantly(adv.)顯著地;大幅度地=greatlydeveloped(adj.)高度發展的;已開發的implement(v.)實施=carry out
Despite challenges posed by the pandemic, Taiwan’s score remained steady, and its political status is fairly solid.
儘管疫情帶來挑戰,但台灣的分數保持穩定,政治現狀相當穩固。
despite(prep.)僅管=in spite of…solid(adj.)堅固的、穩固的、堅硬的、紮實的solid evidence確鑿的證據a solid foundation穩固的基礎
Sana Hashmi, a visiting fellow at the Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation, said most democracies have fared badly during the pandemic, but some democracies have done exceptionally well because their leaderships have taken timely measures.
台灣亞洲交流基金會(TAEF)訪問學者胡莎娜指出,大多數民主國家在疫情期間表現不佳,但部分民主國家因為領導人及時採取措施,表現出色。
a visiting fellow訪問學者fare(v.)成功;遭遇exceptionally(adv.)格外地;非常地leadership(n.)領導階層take measures採取措施
Praising Taiwan’s successful COVID-19 strategy as a “landmark achievement,” she said, “Taiwan is one such country that resorted to transparency and accountability, and the focus has been on minimizing the damage to human lives and the economy.”
胡莎娜稱讚台灣成功的防疫策略為「里程碑式的成就」,是少數在疫情期間表現出色的民主國家,訴諸透明、問責制,重點是盡量減少對民眾性命和經濟的損害。
praise(v.)讚美;稱讚;讚許landmark(n.)里程碑;地標resort to…訴諸於…transparency(n.)透明公開accountability(n.)負責;問責制minimize(v.)將…降到最低;減到最小minimum(n.)最小值maximize(v.)使…最大化maximize profits使利潤最大化maximum(n.)最大值