語言模式顯示預警信號
According to a new study by IBM researchers, it may be possible to predict, years before there are symptoms, whether a person will develop Alzheimer’s disease simply by analyzing their writing patterns.
IBM研究人員所進行的一項新研究指出，有可能在出現症狀的數年之前，僅透過分析寫作內容就能預測出受測者是否會罹患阿茲海默症。
symptom(n.)症狀whether S V..是否pattern(n.)方式;形式;模式
What’s more, other neurological illnesses may also display early warning signs through distinctive language patterns.
此外，其它的神經系統疾病也可能通過獨特的語言模式顯示預警信號。
furthermore(adv.)此外;而且=moreoverneurology(n.)神經學;神經病學neurological(adj.)神經的、神經系統的distinctive(adj.)獨特的、特別的=unique
For the Alzheimer’s study, researchers looked at a group of 80 men and women in their 80’s who were participants in the Framingham Heart Study, a long-running federal research effort that requires regular physical and cognitive tests.
針對阿茲海默症研究，研究人員觀察了80歲左右的80位男女，這些人都是弗雷明漢心臟研究（Framingham Heart Study）的受試者，這是一個長期的聯邦研究項目，參與者需要定期進行身體和認知測試。
participant(n.)參加者;參與者participate(v.)參與;參加long-running(adj.)持久的;長久的cognitive(adj.)認知的cognitive behavior and development認知行為與發展cognitive function認知功能
Half of the group had Alzheimer’s, but seven and a half years earlier, all had been cognitively normal.
其中有一半的受試者患有阿茲海默症，但7年半以前，所有受試者的認知功能都是正常的。
cognitively(adv.)認知上
Before any of them had developed Alzheimer’s, the participants took a writing test in which they described a drawing.
在所有受試者都沒罹患阿茲海默症前，他們都參加了寫作測試，在測試中他們被要求描述一幅畫。
develop(v.)罹患in which…=where…
Researchers used an artificial intelligence program to examine the subjects’ word usage and look for subtle differences in language.
研究人員使用人工智慧程式分析受試者的詞彙使用情況，尋找語言上的細微差異。
artificial intelligence 人工智慧=AIsubject(n.)受試者
The AI identified a group that had more repetitive patterns, along with errors such as mistakes in spelling, inappropriate capitalizations, and “telegraphic” language — meaning language with a simple grammatical structure, lacking subjects and words like “the,” “is” and “are.”
人工智慧辨識出有一群人的用詞重複情況比較嚴重，也會出現比較多錯誤，如拼錯字或大寫使用不當，而且會使用「電報式」語言——亦即語法結構簡單、漏掉主詞以及「the」、「is」和「are」等詞。
identify(v.)辨認;辨識認出，識別repetitive(adj.)反覆的;重複的inappropriate(adj.)不適合的；不恰當的capital letters大寫字母capitalize(v.)將…大寫capitalization(n.)使用大寫字母telegraphic(adj.)電報式的subject(n.)主詞object(n.)受詞
It predicted with 75 percent accuracy who went on to develop Alzheimer’s.
人工智慧預測阿茲海默症的準確度達75％。
accurate(adj.)精準的;精確的an accurate prediction精準的預測accuracy(n.)準確性;準確度
The IBM study predicting a neurological disease through word usage breaks new ground.
IBM的研究透過詞彙使用情況預測神經系統疾病是一項新突破。
break new ground 有新的突破=break fresh groundgroundbreaking(adj.)開闢新天地的;開創性的;創新的a groundbreaking movie具有開創性的電影
In fact, scientists have been analyzing speech changes in people with a neurological disease for years.
事實上，多年來科學家們一直在分析神經系統疾病患者的言語變化。
have been Ving現在完成進行式
Alterations in the pace of speech and reduced usage of abstract words are directly linked to changes in the frontotemporal parts of the brain, and these alterations appear to be universal, not unique to English.
說話速度改變和抽象詞的使用減少與大腦額顳葉的變化直接相關，且這些改變似乎是普遍的，並非英語獨有。
alter(v.)(通常指輕微地)修改;改變改動(衣服使其更合身)alteration(n.)(細微的)改動、修改、改變abstract(adj.)抽象的concrete(adj.)具體的be linked to…與…有關=be related to…=be connected with=be associated withfrontotemporal(adj.)額顳葉frontal lobe額葉temporal lobe顳葉appear to RV似乎是=seem to RVuniversal(adj.)普遍的=common
The researchers hope to extend the Alzheimer’s work to predict other neurological diseases.
研究人員希望能夠將針對阿茲海默症的研究成果擴大應用，以預測其它神經系統疾病。
extend(v.)擴大;擴展;使增加長度