罰款與自願
In some democracies, all citizens are required to vote. If they don’t, they can face punishment, such as fines or other penalties.
有些民主國家規定全體民眾都得投票，不然則會面臨罰款或刑罰等懲處。
democracy(n.)民主體制、民主國家fine(n.)罰金、罰款penalty(n.)刑罰death penalty 死刑
Although countries with mandatory voting have good reasons for it, many democratic governments view voting as voluntary.
儘管實施強制投票的國家有其正當理由，但許多民主政府把投票視作自願性的。
regard sth. as=consider sth. to be 把某事物視為voluntary(adj.)自願的volunteer(v.)自願做～；(n.)志願者
Those in favor of mandatory voting usually view it as a duty of citizenship, like paying taxes.
支持強制投票的一方通常將之視為公民義務，就如同繳稅。
be in favor of sth. 支持某事be against sth. 反對某事citizenship(n.)公民身分或資格
They see it as a way to increase political education of the people, which can then improve the legitimacy of elected officials through voting.
他們也將強制投票視作提升民眾政治教育的一種方式，藉此可提升民選官員的合法性。
political(adj.)政治相關的politics(n.)政治political correctness 政治正確political corruption 政治貪污legitimacy(n.)正當性、合法性legitimate(adj.)正當的、合理的、合法的elect(v.)推選election(n.)選舉
Supporters of this type of voting believe that since all citizens must vote, the candidates and the political system will be responsive to everyone.
這種投票制度的擁護者認為，由於全體民眾都必須投票，因此候選人與政治體制才會積極回應民意。
candidate(n.)候選人、考生、應徵者be responsive to 積極回應～
On the other hand, those opposed to mandatory voting think citizens should have the right to choose if they want to vote.
另一方面，反對強制投票的一派則認為，民眾有權選擇要不要投票。
be opposed to 反對
They believe compulsory voting doesn’t make those elected any more legitimate since not all voters are politically educated.
他們認為強制投票不會使獲選者更具合法性，因為並非所有選民都受過政治教育。
voter(n.)選民、投票者
Those with this view believe that since voting is voluntary, it will make both the politicians and the political system more responsive by forcing them to take voters’ needs into account, giving more political power to voters.
抱持這種觀點的人認為，既然投票是自願性的，那就會使政治人物與政治體制更積極回應民意，迫使他們不得不考量選民的需求，並賦予選民更多政治力量。
force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事take sth. into account 將某事物列入考量=take sth. into consideration
Despite these differences, both views on mandatory voting can lead to healthy democracies.
儘管上述觀點各異，但這兩種針對強制投票的觀點皆可建立健全的民主體制。
despite 儘管、雖然=in spite of