全球第二例
A study featured in The Lancent has revealed that a 40-year-old HIV patient has become the second person ever to be cured of the virus, thanks to a stem cell transplant.
醫學期刊《刺胳針》刊載研究指出，有位40歲的愛滋病人在接受幹細胞移植後，成為全球第二位愛滋病痊癒者。
feature(v.)以…為特色;以…為號召
Adam Castillejo, previously referred to as the “London patient,” has been declared HIV-free.
在研究中被稱為「倫敦患者」的亞當·卡斯蒂列霍被宣告體內無愛滋病毒。
(who was) previously referred to as…先前被稱作是…declare(v.)(正式)宣布;宣告
About 18 months after Castillejo stopped receiving antiretroviral therapy following a bone marrow or stem cell transplant to treat Hodgkin lymphoma, doctors confirmed that there was no longer any detectable sign of HIV in his blood, cerebrospinal fluid, semen, intestinal tissue or lymphoid tissue.
卡斯蒂列霍原本為治療霍奇金氏淋巴瘤（血癌的一種），接受骨髓（幹細胞）移植，術後停止抗反轉錄病毒療法約18個月後，醫生證實不止血液，連腦脊液、精液、腸組織和淋巴組織都未發現活躍的愛滋病毒。
antiretroviral(adj.)抗人體免疫缺損病毒的;抗愛滋病病毒的HIV= human immunodeficiency virus人體免疫缺乏病毒，愛滋病病毒retrovirus(n.) 逆轉錄酶病毒antiretroviral therapy抗反轉錄病毒療法a bone marrow transplant 骨髓移植a stem cell transplant幹細胞移植Hodgkin lymphoma霍奇金氏淋巴瘤detectable(adj.)可檢驗得到的;可察覺到的cerebrospinal fluid腦脊液cerebral(adj.)腦的，大腦的spine(n.)脊柱;脊椎spinal(adj.)脊柱的;脊椎的
intestinal(adj.)腸的lymphoid (adj.)淋巴的
“We believe that these results prove to be the second ever case of a patient being cured of HIV,” said the study’s lead author, Prof. Ravindra Kumar Gupta, of the University of Cambridge in the UK.
研究的主要作者、英國劍橋大學教授古普塔說：「基於這些結果，我們認為該病人為第二例愛滋病痊癒的案例。」
prove to be…事實證明;證實是…
In 2007, Timothy Brown, the first person to be cured of the virus, underwent a similar treatment for acute myeloid leukemia. At the time, he was publicly known as “the Berlin patient.”
2007年，第一位愛滋病痊癒的患者布朗，為治療急性骨髓性白血病接受骨髓移植，當時媒體稱他為「柏林患者」。
undergo-underwent-undergone經歷;接受acute myeloid leukemia急性骨髓性白血病acute(adj.)急性的chronic(adj.)慢性的
In both cases, the patient received stem cells from a donor with a mutation in a protein called CCR5, which is found on the surface of white blood cells.
兩個案例中，幹細胞捐贈者體內的「趨化因子受體5」（CCR5）有突變，CCR5存在於白血球細胞的表面，
donate(v.)捐獻donor(n.)捐贈者mutate(v.)mutation(n.)(基因)突變、變異genetic mutation基因突變、變異
CCR5 allows HIV to gain entry into the cells it infects and those with this genetic mutation are resistant to the virus.
而HIV進入並感染宿主細胞的過程需要藉助CCR5，所以CCR5基因突變的人對愛滋病有抵抗力，
gain entry into…取得進入的管道;得以進入infect(v.)使感染;傳染be resistant to 對…有抵抗力fire-resistant building materials防火建材water-resistant防水的wear-resistant耐磨的rust-resistant抗鏽的
As a result, the two men essentially received a new immune system with a genetic resistance to HIV.
因此兩位患者可說是得到了新的免疫系統，他們的基因對HIV病毒有抵抗力。
immune system免疫系統immune(adj.)有免疫力的resistance(n.)抵抗力
However, this method of treating HIV, which has cured two men, is not going to be widely available to everyone living with the virus.
不過，治癒這兩位愛滋感染者的方法並無法套用在所有的患者上，
available(adj.)可購買得到的;可取得的;可供利用的=accessible
Prof. Gupta stressed that stem cell transplants are high-risk and are only used as a last resort for patients with HIV who also have life-threatening blood cancer.
古普塔教授強調，幹細胞移植的風險很高，僅能作為治療患有致命血癌的愛滋患者。
last resort 最後的手段(作為最後一招，在萬不得已的時候)
A bone marrow transplant wipes out a person’s immune system and is a radical procedure that could lead to fatal complications, making it difficult to apply this treatment to other HIV patients.
骨髓移植會完全摧毀人體免疫系統，是一種激烈的治療方式，可能導致致命的併發症，因此很難將此治療方式應用在其他患者身上。
wipe out消滅;徹底摧毀=eliminate=annihilateradical(adj.)劇烈的;激烈的fatal(adj.)致命的=deadlycomplication(n.)併發症making…=which makes…apply…to…將…應用在…之上