外匯存底遭凍結
Russia is edging perilously close to a sovereign debt default as a result of ongoing international sanctions over its invasion of Ukraine, with Moscow attempting to repay investors in sanction-stricken rubles.
由於俄國入侵烏克蘭，國際社會持續對其實行制裁，俄羅斯瀕臨主權債務違約的危險，政府正試圖以遭受制裁的盧布償還投資者。
edge(v.)(使)徐徐移動;(使)緩慢發展perilously(adv.)危險地=dangerouslya sovereign debt default主權債務違約a sovereign state主權獨立的國家-stricken受…侵襲、襲擊a drought-stricken region受乾旱侵襲的地區a poverty-stricken area貧困地區ruble(n.)盧布=rouble
Financial sanctions have rained upon Russia’s economy, leaving the ruble to tumble down to unprecedented levels.
世界各國紛紛對俄羅斯實施金融制裁，使盧布暴跌至前所未有的新低。
rain on or upon…(像下雨一樣)大量湧現;紛至沓來tumble (down)(價值)暴跌;驟降=fall sharply=plunge=plummet
The United States Treasury Department has launched its latest series of restrictions, freezing Russia’s dollar reserve held in American banks.
美國財政部推出了最新一系列限制措施，將俄國存放在美國銀行的外匯存底凍結。
reserve(n.)儲備(物)、備用(物)、儲備金food reserves糧食儲備
The New York Times described the move as aiming to “deplete (Russia’s) international currency reserve and potentially push Russia toward its first foreign currency debt default in a century.”
《紐約時報》稱此舉旨在「耗盡（俄羅斯的）外匯儲備，並有可能將俄羅斯推向一世紀以來的首次外債違約」。
describe…as…將…描述、形容為…deplete(v.)消耗、耗費(資源、金錢、精力等)=run out of=exhaust
A potential default, the first since the Russian Revolution in 1917, was unimaginable until recently, but the eventuality of it has now crept up on Moscow.
俄國倘若違約，將會是自1917年俄國革命以來的首次債務違約，一直到近期都還難以想像，但倒債危機現已悄悄逼近莫斯科，
not(或其他否定詞)…until直到…才…eventuality(n.)(指令人不快或意料之外的)可能發生的事件;可能出現的結果to be prepared for all eventualities為所有可能出現的情況做好準備creep up on~ 悄悄逼近creep-crept-crept(v.)躡手躡腳地走、悄悄地走
The tangible prospect of further economic woes has forced Russia’s Finance Minister Anton Siluanov to threaten international legal action.
進一步經濟困境的切實前景逼得俄國財政部長西盧阿諾夫揚言將訴諸國際法律行動。
tangible(adj.)真實的、非想像的、可觸摸的、可感知的tangible evidence確實的證據;罪證確鑿prospect(n.)可能;可能性;機會woes(n.)困難;災難;不幸=troubles
“Of course we will sue, because we have taken all necessary steps to ensure that investors receive their payments,” Siluanov told pro-Kremlin Izvestia newspaper in an interview.
西盧阿諾夫在接受俄國親克林姆宮媒體《消息報》採訪時表示：「我們當然會提告，因為我們已經採取所有必要措施，確保投資人收到他們的款項。」
pro-支持anti-反對
“We will present in court our bills confirming our efforts to pay both in foreign currency and in rubles. It will not be an easy process. We will have to very actively prove our case, despite all the difficulties.”
「我們將在法院上出示付款單據，證明我們以外幣和盧布付款。這不會是個輕鬆的過程。儘管有各種困難因素，我們必須非常積極證明我們的情況。」
confirm(v.)證實
Siluanov refused to comment on the nature of Russia’s legal recourse.
不過，西盧阿諾夫並未詳細說明俄羅斯要採取法律途徑的選項。
nature(n.)種類;特性;本質recourse(n.)(正式)求助legal recourse對簿公堂
The Wall Street Journal reported a payment to bondholders due on April 4 was attempted, but the transfer was blocked by the Treasury Department.
《華爾街日報》報導，4月4日俄羅斯政府利用存放在美國金融機構的準備金償還主權債，但美財政部不讓取用資金。
bondholder(n.)債券持有人
Russia has a 30-day grace period this time to make the payment.
莫斯科這次有30天的償債寬限期。
grace period(欠債還款的)延緩期;寬限期
Eswar Prasad, a former International Monetary Fund official, said Russia’s default on its sovereign debt will be a manifestation of the crippling blow that international sanctions have dealt to Russia’s economy.
前國際貨幣基金組織（IMF）官員普拉薩德表示，俄羅斯主權債務違約將顯示國際社會實施的制裁已對俄國經濟造成了嚴重打擊。
International Monetary Fund 國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)manifestation(n.)顯示;表明deal a blow to打擊crippling(adj.)嚴重的、造成嚴重傷害的