弗洛伊德精神分析
Psychoanalysis, founded by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud, is a theory that explains human behavior and also a method for treating mental illness.
精神分析是由奧地利神經學家弗洛伊德所創立一門學說，既是解釋人類行為的理論，同時也是治療精神疾病的方法。
neurologist(n.)神經學家neurology(n.)神經學theory(n.)理論;學說treat(v.)治療mental illness=精神疾病
The theory suggests that events in our childhood have a great influence in shaping our personality.
精神分析指出，孩童時期所經歷的事件對人格的形塑有很大的影響。
have an influence in sth.=對~有影響shape(v.)形塑;形成personality(n.)人格;個性
For example, anxiety originating from traumatic experiences in a person’s past can be hidden from consciousness and may give rise to problems during adulthood.
例如，人們可能沒有意識到過去心靈創傷是成年時期焦慮的原因。
originate(v.)起源;發源traumatic(adj.)造成心靈創傷的trauma(n.)心靈創傷Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)=創傷後壓力症候群He keeps having flashbacks of his traumatic childhood.consciousness(n.)意識She was badly injured and lost consciousness.give rise to sth.=造成;引起Industrial emissions are giving rise to air pollution.
Therefore, when we attempt to explain our behavior to ourselves or to others, rarely do we give a true account of our motivation.
因此，當我們試圖向自己或他人解釋自身的行為時，我們很少如實地陳述動機，
attempt to RV=試圖做某事rarely do we...=we rarely...give an account of sth.=陳述;描述某事motivation(n.)動機
But it’s not because we are deliberately lying.
但這並不是因為我們有意撒謊。
deliberately(adv.)故意地=intentionally
While human beings are great at deceiving others, we are even better at deceiving ourselves.
人類擅於欺騙他人，我們更擅於欺騙自己。
deceive(v.)欺騙;矇騙There are several signs when people are trying to deceive others.
Freud compared the mind to an iceberg.
弗洛伊德把大腦比作冰山，
compare A to B=拿A跟B比較;將A比作BYou can’t compare your situation to mine. That’s not fair.
The part of the iceberg that is visible above water is only a fraction of a whole, while most of the iceberg lies underneath the water and remains unseen.
露出水面的那一部分只是冰山一角，而冰山大部分藏在水底下，是看不見的。
visible(adj.)可見的;看得清楚的Pedestrians are advised to wear bright outfits at night to make themselves more visible to drivers.fraction(n.)極小的部分underneath(adv.)(prep.)在...底下unseen(adj.)看不見的
The visible part represents the conscious mind and underneath it is the unconscious mind.
看得見的那部分代表意識，而看不見的那部分則是潛意識。
represent(v.)代表conscious(adj.)有意識的
We are only conscious of a small amount of our mental activity and deep in our unconsciousness lie our fears, irrationality, immoral urges, and traumatic experiences.
我們只覺察到一小部分的精神活動，而在潛意識中潛藏著恐懼、不理性、不道德的衝動與心靈創傷。
be conscious of sth.=意識或覺察到...unconsciousness(n.)潛意識irrationality(n.)不理性immoral(adj.)不道德的urge(n.)衝動