英國人自嘲式幽默
“Permacrisis” has been chosen by Collins Dictionary as 2022’s word of the year.
「permacrisis」（長久危機）獲選《柯林斯字典》2022年度詞彙。
The word, a portmanteau of “permanent” and “crisis,” is defined by the dictionary as “an extended period of instability and insecurity, especially one resulting from a series of catastrophic events.”
這個由「permanent」和「crisis」組成的字被該字典定義為「長時間的不穩定和不安全，尤其指因為一系列災難事件所導致的」。
portmanteau (n.)混成詞extended (adj.)很長的、長期的、延伸的catastrophic (adj.)引起重大災難的；catastrophe (n.)災難
The term is a direct reference to the current political and economic upheavals the UK finds itself mired in, with inflation at an all-time high, while the revolving door of politics is in full swing.
這個詞彙直接反映出英國目前陷入的政經動盪，不但通膨處在空前的高點，政治旋轉門的陋習也達巔峰。
upheaval (n.)動盪、劇變mire (n.)泥沼；be mired in sth. 身陷在……revolve (v.)旋轉in full swing 到達高峰期、到達顛峰
The choice of such a negative word can be seen as typical of British self-deprecating humor, as well as the nation’s spirit of resilience in a time of adversity.
會選擇這樣一個負面的詞彙可視為典型的英國人自嘲式幽默，但也反映出英國在面對逆境時不屈不撓的精神。
deprecate (v.)不贊成、貶低；deprecate sb.’s achievement 貶低某人的成就adversity (n.)逆境；in the face of adversity 面對逆境時、處在逆境時
Such spirit is perfectly captured by the “stiff upper lip” idiom, or references to World War II events like the “Dunkirk spirit” and “Keep calm and carry on.”
這樣的精神完美地由成語「處變不驚」或是跟二戰相關的說法「敦克爾克精神」和「保持冷靜，繼續前進」詮釋出來。
This is not the first time that the political and economic landscapes of the Kingdom have influenced the English language.
這已經不是第一次英國的政經局勢對英語產生影響。
landscape (n.)景色、景觀、某環境或處境的特色；the political landscape 政治情勢；the social landscape 社會局勢；the economic landscape 經濟局勢
In 2016, “Brexit,” also a portmanteau, was Collins Dictionary’s word of the year, taking center stage in politics of that year after first emerging in the English language in 2013.
在2016年，同樣是混成詞的「Brexit」成了《柯林斯字典》的年度詞彙，這是該年最受矚目的政治議題，於2013年首度出現在英文中。
Brexit (n.)英國脫歐take center stage 成為焦點、受眾人矚目emerge (v.)出現
With English the official language of many nations, WOTYs come in many different flavors across the English-speaking world, but all tend to capture the essence of the time.
英語是許多國家的官方語言，因此年度詞彙的選擇標準在英語國家中不盡相同，但都傾向於選擇能捕捉到時代本質的詞彙。
come in 有essence (n.)本質、精華、精華液、精油