積極減少碳排放
This year’s Nobel Prize in physics goes to three scientists for shedding light on complex physical systems, including Earth’s climate.
今年的諾貝爾物理學獎頒給了三位科學家，肯定他們為增進人類對地球氣候等複雜物理體系的了解帶來貢獻。
go to…(獎項)頒給…shed light on sth. 闡明、解惑=throw light on…=illuminate=enlighten
Half of the $1.1 million prize was shared by Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann for developing physical models of Earth’s climate system, quantifying variability, and making reliable predictions of global warming.
110萬美元的獎金其中有一半將由真鍋淑郎和哈塞爾曼共同獲得，他們因爲研發地球氣候系統的物理模型、量化可變性以及對全球暖化做出可靠的預測。
quantify(v.)量化、確定⋯⋯的大小(或數量)quantity(n.)(尤指可測量或確定的)量;分量variability(n.)變異數;變異性make predictions預測
Their work is instrumental in the forming of computational models that expound observed climate change data and can forecast future scenarios by factoring in ocean phenomena, carbon cycles, human activities and other interrelated variables.
他們的研究有助於建立計算模型，能夠解釋觀察到的氣候變遷數據，並納入海洋現象、碳循環、人類活動和其他相關變數，預測未來的天氣。
instrumental(adj.)起重要作用的;有幫助的computational(adj.)計算的;運算的;使用電腦進行的expound(v.)詳細解釋;闡述;詳細說明factor in sth. 把～考量進去=take sth. into account=take sth. into considerationphenomenon(n.)(單數型)現象(複數型phenomena)a natural phenomenon自然現象a social phenomenon社會現象variable(n.)變數
The other half was awarded to Giorgio Parisi for his input into quantifying randomness and linking the movement of atoms to the planet as a whole.
另一半的獎金被頒給帕里西，表彰他「發現從原子到行星範疇的物理系統中無序和波動的相互作用」。
input(n.)(能源、資金或資訊的)投入;輸入random(adj.)隨機的random sampling隨機抽樣randomness(n.)隨機性;無序性atom(n.)原子
While his field was not directly connected to climate systems, his research in the 1980s demonstrated that it is possible to quantify superficially random movements of particles into patterns and predictions.
雖然他的領域與氣候系統沒有直接關聯，但他在 1980年代的研究證明，粒子的表面隨機運動可量化為模式和預測。
demonstrate(v.)顯示、表明、示威、示範superficially(adv.)表面上;就外表來看particle(n.)粒子
This insight helped climate scientists come up with simulations based on individual gas molecules.
這個見解幫助氣候科學家以單一氣體分子為基礎進行模擬。
insight(n.)洞察力;深刻見解simulation(n.)類比、模仿、模擬based on…根據molecule(n.)分子
Thanks to the scientists’ pioneering work, climate models have become more sophisticated over the past few decades.
由於三位科學家的開創性研究，氣候模型在過去幾十年來變得更加成熟。
pioneering(adj.)先驅性的;開創性的pioneering techniques創新技術sophisticated(adj.)(機械或儀器)精密的、複雜的、(科技)尖端的sophisticated weapons尖端武器sophisticated equipment精密的設備
Humans have gained a deeper understanding of the way their activities can affect the climate.
人類對自身活動如何影響氣候有了更深入的了解。
gain a deeper understanding of…對…有更深入的了解
Yet, the greatest unpredictability in climate predictions is whether humanity will effectively reduce carbon emissions.
然而，氣候預測中最大的變數是人類是否能有效地減少碳排放。
unpredictability(n.)不可預測(性);難以預料save or conserve energy節約能源reduce carbon emissions減少碳排放carbon footprint碳足跡
It is our responsibility to solve the problem that Hasselman, Manabe, and Parisi helped the world understand.
解決哈塞爾曼、真鍋和帕里西幫助世界理解的問題是我們的責任。