有效防止HIV感染
At the tenth annual International Aids Society (IAS) conference in Mexico, researchers from the pharmaceutical giant Merck presented the results of a recent clinical trial showing a prototype of an implant that could effectively block HIV from infecting individuals for a full year.
在今年於墨西哥舉行的第10屆國際愛滋學會年會上，製藥巨頭默克公司的研究人員展示了最近一項臨床試驗的結果，顯示研發中的植入器可望有效避免感染愛滋長達1年。
pharmaceutical(adj.)製藥的(n.)藥物;藥劑prototype(n.)(發明)原型infect(v.)(疾病)傳染、感染
The implant, inserted in the upper arm, is about the size of a matchstick. The device is designed similarly to those used for contraception.
這款植入上臂的植入器大小如火柴棒，跟用於節育的植入器設計差不多，
contraception(n.)節育;避孕=birth control
It slowly releases into the patient’s bloodstream an experimental antiretroviral (ARV) drug called islatravir, which prevents the HIV virus from replicating in the body by blocking an enzyme that clones HIV’s DNA.
它會慢慢地在患者的血液中釋放一種名為「islatravir」的「抗反轉錄病毒藥物」，這款仍在實驗階段的藥物能阻止愛滋病毒利用宿主體內的酵素複製病毒。
antiretroviral (ARV) drug抗反轉錄病毒藥物replicate(v.)複製clone(v.)(n.)(動植物的)無性繁殖;克隆;複製
Dr. George Hanna, vice president of Global Clinical Development at Merck Research Laboratories, says islatravir is very potent and could be used to treat patients who already have HIV, or prevent the infection of someone exposed to the virus.
默克藥廠研究實驗室副總漢那表示，islatravir藥效很強，可用於治療已感染愛滋病的病人，或避免接觸到病毒的人感染。
potent(adj.)藥效強的、強大的=powerfulinfection(n.)感染sb. be exposed to sth.暴露於…之下
Although the approach was tested on only 12 people, the researchers say it could potentially provide an effective HIV shield for 1 year or more, far longer than any ARV on the market.
雖然只對12人進行了臨床實驗，但研究人員表示，此法可有效防止HIV感染至少1年，時間遠比市場上的任何ARV藥物來得長。
shield(n.)盾牌、保護、屏障
There are already effective pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) drugs available that prevent HIV transmission, but most, like Truvada, require people to take a dose of the medication every single day to be effective.
市場上已有暴露前預防（PrEp）藥物可有效預防愛滋病病毒傳染，但大多數的藥物，如特魯瓦達，需要每天服用一劑才有效。
pre-exposure prophylaxis 暴露前預防(PrEP)a dose of~一劑藥
Some face challenges adhering to a daily PrEP regimen, and there are those who cannot afford to pay $1,600 a month for Truvada.
有些人無法每日服用PrEP藥物，或負擔不起服用特魯瓦達每月1600美元的費用。
adhere to~遵守;依照;按照=stick to~regimen(n.)(尤指為了增進健康的)生活規則、養生之道、養生法treatment(n.)治療方式;療法
The Trump administration has vowed to eliminate HIV transmission by 2030.
川普政府曾宣誓要在2030年前消滅愛滋病，
vow to RV宣誓=pledge to~eliminate(v.)消除=get rid of~transmission(n.)傳輸、傳播、傳染
The current method of a daily regimen of Truvada is a key component of that effort.
目前主要使用的愛滋預防藥物就是特魯瓦達。
component(n.)組成部分、成分、零件a key component關鍵環節