格陵蘭冰蓋破裂警訊
If you are a determined nature lover who wants to travel the world just to see the most wondrous of wonders, the largest waterfall on the planet might be worth a look.
如果你是個大自然愛好者，想要看盡世界奇景，那麼世界上最大的瀑布很值得一看。
determined(adj.)有決心的nature lover大自愛好者be worth+N.Ving值得做什麼的
However, this is only possible if you can tolerate the frigid climate of the Arctic and take global warming lightly.
不過呢，前提是你要能忍受極地的酷寒，還不能太嚴肅看待全球暖化。
tolerate(v.)忍受=bear=stand=endureput up withfrigid(adj.)嚴寒的the Arctic北極區the Antarctic南極區
A group of scientists recently revealed that meltwater on the Greenland ice sheet briefly brought the said waterfall into being over the course of five hours in July 2018.
最近科學家發現，2018年格陵蘭冰蓋的大量融冰，在短短五個小時內就形成世界上最大的瀑布。
briefly(adv.)短暫地bring sth. into being使誕生
Each summer as the weather warms, meltwater creates thousands of lakes on the Greenland ice sheet.
每年夏季天氣變暖時，冰雪融成的水會在冰蓋表面形成數千個湖泊，
Vast openings will form at the base of such lakes as meltwater descends beneath the ice.
當冰雪融成的水陷入冰蓋底下後，湖底會形成很大的裂口。
vast(adj.)廣大、廣袤的descend(v.)下降
While the process is difficult to observe firsthand, researchers from the Universities of Cambridge, Aberystwyth and Lancaster witnessed how this actually happened at Store Glacier in northwest Greenland with the aid of custom-built drones.
想要第一手觀察這個過程是很困難的，但去年七月，劍橋大學、威爾斯亞伯大學和蘭卡斯特的學者，用客製無人機在格陵蘭西北部的斯多爾冰川成功觀察到這個過程。
observe(v.)觀察witness(v.)目睹monitor(v.)監督custom-built客製的drone(n.)無人機
In just five hours, the researchers noted, five million liters of water cascaded more than 3,200 feet to the bottom of the ice sheet through a fracture, forming the aforementioned waterfall and reducing a lake to a third of its original size.
研究者指出，在短短五小時之內，五百萬公升的融冰水穿過冰蓋裂隙，從三千兩百英尺處瀉流而下，不只形成世界最大的瀑布，還讓原本的湖水量頓時減少到原大小的三分之一。
cascade(n.)(v.)瀑布、傾瀉fracture(n.)=crack裂縫fragment(n.)碎片aforementioned(adj.)先前所提的
Even more surprisingly, water transferred to the seabed in turn lifted the ice sheet by 55 centimeters.
更驚人的是，流入海洋的融冰讓整個冰蓋上升了五十五公分。
in turn接著
“That’s a kilometer of ice lifted up half a meter, so you can imagine the kind of pressures that were involved,” said Tom Chudley, a doctoral student at the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge.
劍橋大學史考特極地研究中心的博士生查德利說：「一公里長的冰層整個被抬起半公尺以上，你能想像那是多大的張力」。
polar(adj.)極地的institute(n.)機構
These findings challenge a recent report from the UN which claims that surface meltwater is unlikely to significantly affect the flow of the ice sheet.
這些結果對聯合國近期刊出的報告提出質疑，報告裡聲明融冰不太可能大幅地影響到冰蓋的水流量。
challenge(v.)挑戰、質疑affect(v.)影響effect(n.)效果、影響influence(v.) (n.)影響impact(v.)(n.)衝擊
“It’s possible we’ve underestimated the effects of these glaciers on the overall instability of the Greenland ice sheet,” Chudley warned.
查德利警告：「我們可能低估了冰川融冰對於格陵蘭冰蓋不穩定性所帶來的影響」。
underestimate(v.)低估glacier(n.)冰河instability(n.)不穩定性stable(adj.)穩定的