韓製造商面臨窘境
As the US’ chip export ban on China takes effect, Korean chipmakers are scrambling to comply with Washington’s new regulations stopping semiconductors and chipmaking equipment from entering China.
美國對中國的晶片出口禁令生效，禁止半導體和晶片製造的設備輸入中國，韓國的晶片製造商正努力遵守華盛頓祭出的新規定。
take effect 某事生效comply(v.)遵守regulation(n.)規定semiconductor(n.)半導體equipment(n.)設備
Earlier this October, the US Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and Security passed new stringent regulations to blunt China’s chipmaking capacity in what the Financial Times called a “Tech Cold War.”
今年10月初，美國商務部工業安全局通過嚴格的新規定，欲削弱中國的晶片製造能力，而《金融時報》將此舉稱為「科技冷戰」。
commerce(n.)商業、商務industry(n.)產業、工業high-tech industry 高科技產業stringent(adj.)嚴格的、嚴苛的blunt(adj.)鈍的(v.)使變鈍、使削弱
The new policies not only prohibit the export of leading-edge chips, but also limit the export of software, equipment, and components that China would need to establish a sovereign advanced semiconductor manufacturing capability.
新政策不只禁止出口先進晶片，也針對中國發展獨立先進半導體製造能力所需的軟體、設備和零件，限制出口。
policy(n.)政策prohibit(v.)禁止leading-edge(adj.)尖端的software(n.)軟體hardware(n.)硬體component(n.)組成部分、零件sovereign(adj.)主權獨立的、獨立的advanced(adj.)先進的
The ban applies to all US entities – including US nationals with specialist skills – locally and extraterritorially, and to all advanced chip manufacturers outside the US, including Washington’s allies, AsiaTimes reported, with failure to comply meaning losing access to vital US equipment.
《亞洲時報》報導，這項禁令適用於所有美國本土和海外的實體，包括擁有專業技能的美國公民，也適用所有位於美國境外的先進晶片製造商，其中包含美國的盟友，而若無法遵守禁令，則將無法使用重要的美國設備。
entity(n.)實體、獨立存在體national(n.)國民locally(adv.)本土地、當地地extraterritorially(adv.)境外地access(n.)（使用、接觸某物的）途徑、方法、機會
Global chipmakers, including Korea’s Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix, and Taiwan’s TSMC, are already seeking contingency plans to what will inevitably affect their operations.
全球晶片製造商都已經在尋找應急方案，彌補營運難免會受到的影響，包括韓國的三星電子、SK海力士以及台灣的台積電。
contingency(n.)意外事件contingency plan應急方案、應急計畫inevitably(adv.)無可避免地、難以避免地operation(n.)營運
TSMC reportedly started suspending production of advanced silicon for Chinese start-up Biren Technology, while Samsung and SK Hynix have obtained a one-year waiver to continue to use US equipment in China.
台積電據說已暫停供應先進晶片給中國新興公司壁仞科技，而三星和SK海力士則獲得為期一年的豁免權，能夠繼續在中國使用美國設備。
suspend(v.)暫停silicon(n.)矽start-up(n.)新創公司waiver(n.)棄權聲明書、免支付協議、豁免書
An SK Hynix spokesperson admitted that the waiver is subjected to a case-by-case review by Washington, with Korea’s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy currently in negotiation with its US counterpart on behalf of Samsung and SK Hynix.
SK海力士發言人承認，得到豁免代表要接受美國個別審查，而韓國產業通商資源部目前正代表三星和SK海力士，與美國相關部門協商。
be subjected to sth. 承受、遭受某事case-by-case(adj.)個別的、個案的、逐案的review(n.)審查negotiation(n.)協商、談判in negotiation with sb. 與某人協商on behalf of sb. 代替、代表某人
According to KB Securities analyst Jeff Kim, approximately 14 percent of Samsung Electronics’ NAND flash output is from Xi’an and 12 percent of the DRAM chip output of SK Hynix is from Wuxi.
韓國投資機構KB Securities分析師Jeff Kim指出，三星電子約有14％的NAND快閃記憶體產量來自西安，而SK海力士有12％的DRAM晶片產量來自無錫。
approximately(adv.)大約output(n.)產量
Dylan Patel of SemiAnalysis argues Washington is trying to influence its major East-Asian allies, including Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea, into its “Chip 4” alliance to counter China.
半導體產業分析機構分析師Dylan Patel表示，美國正試圖影響東亞的重要盟國，包括台灣、日本、南韓，讓這些國家加入其「晶片四國」同盟打擊中國。
alliance(n.)聯盟、同盟counter(v.)反擊