爭端擾亂全球供應鏈
Japan has tightened regulations for exports of semiconductor and display materials to South Korea, in response to a South Korean court’s ruling over wartime forced labor.
由於南韓法院對於戰時強迫勞動案的判決，日本政府決定將限制對南韓出口半導體與顯示器材料。
tighten(v.)拉緊;收緊;使…嚴格in response to~回應forced labor強迫勞動
Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (Meti) said on Monday that it would restrict exports of fluorinated polyamide, photoresists and hydrogen fluoride etching gas — all crucial chemicals for use in smartphone displays and chips.
日本經濟產業省（Meti）上週一表示，將限制「氟聚醯亞胺」、「光阻劑」和及用於蝕刻矽晶圓的「氟化氫」的出口，這些都是用於智慧手機顯示器和晶片的關鍵化學藥劑。
fluorinated polyamide氟聚醯亞胺photoresist(n.)光阻劑hydrogen fluoride 氟化氫etch(v.)(用酸)蝕刻
Japan accounts for nearly 100 percent of global production of fluorinated polyamide and photoresist, and produces about 70 percent of the world’s hydrogen fluoride.
全球幾乎全部的氟聚醯亞胺和光阻劑都產自日本，且全世界有70％的高純度氟化氫為日本製造。
account for 解釋;佔…比例=constitute=make up
The move is part of Tokyo’s retaliation for the South Korean Supreme Court’s ruling that ordered Nippon Steel to compensate Korean victims of wartime forced labor.
日本行使貿易制裁是為了報復韓國最高法院的判決，判決命令日本制鐵賠償二戰時被強迫勞動的韓國受害者。
retaliation(n.)報復=revengecompensate(v.)補償、賠償=make reparation
Japan, which insists that the issue of forced labor was fully settled in a 1965 treaty, has condemned the ruling and called for the launch of an arbitration panel.
日方則堅稱所有賠償問題已透過1965年日韓基本條約得到了解決，譴責韓法院判決，呼籲啟動仲裁小組，
insist(v.)堅持;堅稱=maintainarbitration(n.)仲裁arbitrate(v.)(通常指在爭議方要求下)仲裁;裁決;公斷
However, Seoul has declined to appoint an arbitrator.
然而，首爾方面拒絕任命仲裁員。
appoint(v.)任命;指派arbitrator(n.)仲裁人
Japan’s embargo will likely deal a blow to some of South Korea’s tech giants such as Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix and LG Display.
日方的禁運可能會打擊到三星電子、SK海力士和樂金顯示器等韓國科技巨頭。
embargo(n.)(尤指暫時禁止貿易)禁令;禁運sanction(n.)(貿易、經濟)制裁deal a blow to~ 打擊
Analysts are saying that the escalating dispute between the two countries threatens to cause chaos in the global supply chain.
分析師表示，日韓爭端越演越烈恐將擾亂全球供應鏈。
escalate(v.) (使)擴大;(使)加劇;(使)惡化chaos(n.)混沌;混亂=disorder=mayhemsupply chain供應鏈
Any delays would have a “significant impact” on semiconductor production, because it is difficult for companies to quickly adjust the “recipe” for chips with materials from other sources, said CW Chung, a semiconductor analyst at Nomura.
野村證券半導體分析師CW Chung表示，任何出貨延遲都會對半導體生產造成「重大衝擊」，因為企業很難用其它來源的材料快速調整晶片的「配方」，
significant(adj.)重大的;重要的recipe(n.)食譜;配方
Any major disruption to chip production would also bring about a surge in prices, he added.
他補充，晶片生產大規模停擺也會導致價格飆升。
disruption(n.)停擺disrupt(v.)打斷;中斷;擾亂surge(n.)(v.)驟升;激增
South Korea’s Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy, Sung Yun-mo, said Seoul plans to contest the move with the World Trade Organization (WTO).
南韓產業通商資源部部長成允模表示，首爾計畫將向世界貿易組織（WTO）提出申訴。
contest(v.)質疑;辯駁;駁斥file a complaint with~向…提出申訴=bring the case to~