德國示警
Iran is facing its most serious wave of nationwide unrest in years.
伊朗正面臨近年來最嚴重的一波全國性動盪。
turmoil(n.)動盪、動亂
As demonstrations that began in Tehran on 28 December have spread across the country and evolved into a broader challenge to the Islamic Republic.
自12月28日德黑蘭爆發示威後，抗議已蔓延至各地，並逐步演變為對伊斯蘭共和國更全面的挑戰。
evolve into演變成、發展為=develop into, transform into
What initially looked like economic anger over a collapsing currency and rising living costs has increasingly taken on an overtly political tone, with protesters also condemning social restrictions and the state’s broader governance.
抗議者起初看似對貨幣崩潰、生活成本上升等經濟壓力感到不滿，但他們的訴求很快擴大到政治層面，並將矛頭指向社會管制與國家整體治理。
take on呈現出、帶有(某種特質、性質、樣貌)tone(n.)語氣、基調、整體氛圍overtly(adv.)明顯地=explicitlycondemn(v.)(正式)譴責、強烈批評=denounce=criticize strongly
The government’s response has been forceful.
面對抗議，政府採取強硬手段。
forceful(adj.)強硬的、有力的、強勢的=aggressive
Human rights monitors report at least 648 protesters have been killed in the crackdown, with many more injured, as authorities carry out mass arrests and tighten public warnings about participation in demonstrations.
人權觀察組織指出，鎮壓行動已造成至少648名示威者死亡，另有更多人受傷；當局同時進行大規模逮捕，並對參與示威發出更嚴厲警告。
crackdown(n.)強力鎮壓、嚴厲打擊=clampdown=suppressioncrack down on drunk driving打擊、取締酒駕
Meanwhile, a nationwide internet shutdown has lasted more than 108 hours, severely limiting communication inside Iran and making independent reporting difficult.
此外，全國網路中斷已超過108小時，導致境內通訊受阻，也讓外界更難核實現場情況。
severely(adv.)嚴重地=seriously
Some restrictions have reportedly eased for international calls, but internet access remains heavily constrained.
雖然有報導稱國際通話限制略有鬆動，但網路仍被嚴格管制。
ease(v.)放寬、放鬆constrain(v.)限制、約束=restrict=limit
International reactions have sharpened.
國際反應也日益尖銳。
sharpen(v.)加劇、升高
Speaking during a visit to India, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said the Iranian leadership was in its “final days and weeks,” arguing that a government that relies on force rather than electoral legitimacy is “effectively at the end.”
德國總理梅爾茨在訪問印度期間表示，伊朗政權已進入「最後的幾天或幾週」，並指出若一個政府只能靠武力維持統治、缺乏選舉正當性，「就等同走到盡頭」。
leadership(n.)領導階層electoral legitimacy選舉正當性
His comments reflect growing concern in Europe that repression is accelerating rather than stabilizing the situation.
這番話突顯歐洲對情勢惡化的憂慮：鎮壓不但未能止血，反而可能加速危機擴大。
repression(n.)鎮壓、打壓
In Washington, President Donald Trump announced that any country doing business with Iran would face a 25% tariff on trade with the United States — an unusually broad threat that could affect major economies tied to Iranian commerce.
在美國方面，川普宣布：任何與伊朗做生意的國家，對美貿易都將面臨25%關稅，異常廣泛的威脅可能影響與伊朗有貿易往來的主要經濟體。
tariff(n.)關稅(be) tied to~ 與～綁在一起、與～密切相關
The White House has also indicated that a range of options remains under discussion, while still emphasizing diplomacy as the preferred route.
白宮也表示仍在評估多種選項，但同時強調外交仍是優先路線。
a range of 一系列的、各式各樣的the preferred route首選途徑、優先採取的方式
Overall, the crisis has moved beyond Iran’s domestic sphere and is increasingly likely to influence global markets and geopolitics.
整體來看，這場危機已超出伊朗內政範疇，並正逐步影響全球市場與地緣政治。
overall(adv.)整體來看=all in all=generally=in generalgeopolitics(n.)地緣政治