血清鈉值下降
Amid the endless new fads promising better health, a study by the National Institutes of Health has found an easy practice with many potential health benefits: drinking more fluids.
在無數保證促進健康的潮流當中，美國國家衛生院（NIH）一項研究發現一個有許多潛在健康益處的簡單作法：多喝液體。
fad (n.)一時的風尚、短暫的狂熱fluid (n.)液體
According to this research, people who stay properly hydrated appear to develop fewer chronic health issues and may even live longer.
根據這項研究，攝取足夠水分的人似乎較不會出現慢性健康問題，甚至可能更長壽。
hydrated (adj.)補充充足水分的appear to 似乎chronic (adj.) 慢性的、長期的chronic diseases 慢性病
Focusing on comparing participants’ biological age with their chronological age, the NIH study analyzed data collected from 11,255 adults over a 30-year period starting in 1987.
NIH的研究著重於比較受試者的生理年齡和實際年齡，分析從1987年開始的30年間所蒐集的11,255名成人的資料。
analyze (v.)分析analyst (n.)分析師a financial analyst 財務分析師a market analyst 市場分析師
Researchers used biomarkers related to different organ systems and body processes to determine biological age, while serum sodium levels were used to evaluate the level of hydration.
研究人員根據不同器官系統和身體功能運用不同的生物標記來決定生理年齡，血清鈉值則用來評估體內水分多寡。
sodium (n.)鈉（Na）
Since higher hydration levels result in lower serum sodium levels, this method was used to more accurately measure the fluid intake of participants.
由於體內水分愈多會導致血清鈉值下降，此方法能更精確地測量受試者的液體攝取量。
result in=lead to 導致intake (n.)攝取
Results of the study found that “adults with serum sodium levels at the higher end of the normal range had worse health outcomes than those at the lower end of the range.”
研究結果發現，「血清鈉值落在正常範圍偏高的成人，其健康比落在正常範圍偏低的成人來得差。」
range (n.)範圍
In fact, those with higher levels, labeled as “faster aging” participants, even exhibited a 64% higher risk of developing chronic diseases, such as heart failure, stroke, diabetes, and dementia.
事實上，這些血清鈉值高、被標註為「快速老化」的受試者，他們罹患心臟衰竭、中風、糖尿病和失智等慢性疾病的風險甚至高出64％。
be labeled as 被標記為……failure (n.)衰竭liver failure 肝功能衰竭dementia (n.)失智症
For those wondering about hydration guidelines, the US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s recommended daily fluid intake is 15.5 cups for men and 11.5 cups for women—with about 20% coming from food.
對於好奇飲水量建議的人，美國國家學院建議每日男性應攝取15.5杯液體，女性則是11.5杯──其中20％來自食物。
guidelines (n.)指南、方針、準則
Given the “low-effort, high-payoff” nature of simply drinking enough fluids, managing proper hydration is a simple and effective way for anyone to lower their health risks.
有鑑於攝取足夠液體就能「事半功倍」，對任何人來說攝取足夠水分是既簡單又有效降低健康風險的方式。
given+N 考慮到……、有鑒於……payoff (n.)報酬、結果nature (n.)本質、本性