過多褪黑激素易昏沉
For many people, fall is their favorite season because of the cooler temperatures.
對很多人來說，涼爽的秋天是令人再喜愛不過的季節，
favorite(adj.)=favourite最喜歡的because of因為+n.cool(adj.)涼爽的temperature(n.)溫度
For some, however, the shorter daytime hours of the season mark the beginnings of depression and other conditions.
然而，漸漸縮短的日照時間卻標誌著許多人憂鬱情緒和其相伴症狀的開端，
daytime(n.)日間、白晝mark(v., n.)標誌著、標誌depression(n.)憂鬱症condition(n.)狀況、疾病、medical condition內科疾病
The syndrome is called seasonal affective disorder (SAD).
這樣的情況叫做季節性抑鬱症。
syndrome(n.)症狀、症候群
Fortunately, a simple change in our habits, such as going out in the sun, can reduce its impact on our lives.
幸運的是，只要養成一個小小的習慣，比方說曬曬太陽，就能夠減少這個症狀對人體的影響。
fortunately(adv.)幸運地、unfortunately(adv.)不幸的habit(n.)習慣reduce(v.)減少impact(n.)影響+on sth.
Yang Cong-cai, a psychiatrist at the Tri-service General Hospital, says that SAD is related to melatonin and serotonin.
三軍總醫院精神部兼任主治醫師楊聰財表示，季節性抑鬱症和褪黑激素與血清素有關。
psychiatrist精神科醫師、psychiatry精神科be related to和什麼有關連melatonin褪黑激素serotonin血清素
Melatonin can help us to sleep, but sunlight sends a signal to the brain to stop producing it so that we feel awake and energetic during the day.
褪黑激素可以助眠，但是陽光會使腦部傳送訊號來停止分泌褪黑激素好讓人體能夠在白天保持清醒並有活力。
sunlight(n.)日光signal(n.)訊號produce(v.)生產、production(n.)生產、分泌awake(adj., v.)清醒的、叫醒energetic(adj.)有精神的、energy(n.)活力
However, when the days are shorter and we take in less sunlight, the human body may produce too much melatonin, leaving us feeling drowsy and lifeless as a result.
而一旦日照時間變短、所照射到的日光也變少，我們的身體就會分泌過多的褪黑激素來進而使我們感到昏昏沉沉、毫無生氣。
take in攝取less為little的比較級，用於不可數名詞leave(v.)使、讓、使受詞呈現什麼狀態、省略which leaves成leavingdrowsy(adj.)昏沉的lifeless(adj.)毫無生氣的as a result因此
Yang also points out that, conversely, our body produces less serotonin when it doesn’t receive enough sunlight.
楊醫師另外也表示相反地，如果身體沒有照射足夠的陽光，就不會分泌足夠的血清素。
conversely(adv.)相反地=on the contraryreceive(v.)收到
The main function of serotonin is to regulate our mood.
血清素的主要功能是控管情緒。
function(n.)功能regulate(v.)控管、調節、regulation(n.)控管mood(n.)心情
If it is deficient, we may also experience problems with our sleep patterns, appetite, memory, and emotions.
如果血清素分泌量太少，我們可能會在睡眠、食慾、記憶以及情緒上產生問題。
deficient(adj.)不足的pattern(n.)模式appetite(n.)胃口、食慾memory(n.)記憶emotion(n.)情緒
Since SAD is related to a lack of sunlight, the standard treatment in the West is to expose the body to a bright light with a blue tinge.
由於季節性抑鬱症和日照不足有關，歐美國家的治療方法通常是讓身體暴露在帶有一點藍光的強烈光照之下。
a lack of缺少+n.treatment(n.)療程、treat(v.)治療expose to暴露於bright(adj.)明亮的tinge(n.)少許
A much cheaper option with the same effect is available: we can get outside during daylight hours.
而更便宜的治療方法則是多出去曬一點太陽。
option(n.)選項available(adj.)可獲得的
This will improve our mood by boosting our serotonin levels and reduce the production of melatonin.
這樣不僅可以藉由增進血清素值來改善情緒問題，也可以減少分泌褪黑激素。
improve(v.)改善、improvement(n.)進步boost(v.)增進