隧道盡頭的光明
After living in the pandemic era for over a year, the world is finally starting to see the light at the end of the tunnel, and we have vaccines to thank for it.
疫情下的生活已超過一年了，託疫苗的福，世界總算開始看見隧道盡頭的一線光明。
see the light at the end of the tunnel=苦盡甘來;柳暗花明After several months of hard work, we can finally see the light at the end of the tunnel.have ... to thank for sth.=拜~所賜、把某事歸咎於~You can have him to thank for making another mess.
These injections are saving lives worldwide, but how do they work?
疫苗的注射拯救世界無數的性命，但疫苗究竟是怎麼發揮作用的呢？
injection(n.)注射inject(v.)注射The pain begins to ease off after the injection.
A vaccine works by training the immune system to recognize and fight viruses or bacteria, also known as “pathogens.”
疫苗透過訓練免疫系統辨識與對抗病毒或細菌，也就是「病原體」，並以此發揮作用。
immune(adj.)免疫的Some people are immune to the virus.recognize(v.)辨識;辨別;辨認Employees should recognize their own roles and take responsibility for them.
To do this, certain parts of the pathogen called “antigens” must be introduced into the body to produce an immune response.
為此，病原體中被稱為「抗原」的部分必須接種到人體內以便產生免疫反應。
introduce sth. into=置入;放入
Antigens are present on all pathogens.
所有病原體上都有抗原。
present(adj.)存在的;在場的
By injecting these antigens into the body, the immune system can learn to recognize them as threats and remember them for the future.
透過把抗原注入體內，免疫系統可學習辨識抗原，將之視為對身體的威脅，並保有記憶。
inject sth. into=把...注入...threat(n.)威脅threaten(v.)威脅Environmental pollution puts the algal reefs under threat.
If the pathogen shows up again in the body, the immune system will immediately begin to attack well before it can spread and cause sickness.
若體內再次出現病原體，免疫系統會在病原體擴散、致病之前立刻展開攻擊。
immediately(adv.)立刻;馬上attack(v.)攻擊spread(v.)擴散;散播;蔓延
There are a few different types of vaccines.
疫苗分為幾個不同的種類，
type(n.)種類
A common type is called an “attenuated vaccine,” in which the virus or bacteria is weakened before introducing it into the body.
常見的種類叫作「活性減毒疫苗」，該疫苗在注入體內前會先經過減毒處理。
common(adj.)常見的;普通的weak(adj.)虛弱的weaken(v.)弱化;(使)衰弱
Another is the “subunit vaccine”; it uses a small part of the antigen to produce an immune response without causing sickness.
另一種疫苗為「單次元疫苗」，在不致病的情況下，它利用抗原的一小部分引發免疫反應。