俄羅斯出口年減1300萬噸
Geopolitical fallout from the war in Ukraine has not only affected grain exports from the area but also revealed how much the world relies on Russia and its allies Belarus and China for fertilizer.
烏克蘭戰爭所帶來的地緣政治負面影響不僅影響該地區的穀物出口，也暴露了全球對俄羅斯及其盟友白俄羅斯和中國對肥料的依賴。
fallout (n.)負面影響、後果export (n.)出口
The result has been both growing food insecurity in some countries as well as a global push to develop alternative sources of fertilizer.
其結果是一些國家的糧食不足問題日益嚴重，也促使全球加速開發更多的肥料替代來源。
alternative (adj.)替代的alternative energy 替代能源alternative therapy 替代療法
According to Udai Shaker Awasthi, CEO of the Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative, “the role of fertilizer is as important as the role of seed in…food security.”
印度農民肥料合作社的執行長阿瓦史迪表示：「肥料的角色在糧食安全中和種子同等重要。」
Russia and Belarus are responsible for exporting around 25% of crop nutrients used worldwide.
全球約25％的肥料由俄羅斯和白俄羅斯負責出口。
crop (n.)作物wheat (n.)小麥barley (n.)大麥rice (n.)稻米oats (n.)燕麥nutrient (n.)養分、營養物nutrition (n.)營養poor nutrition營養不良
In fact, in the $250 billion global fertilizer industry, Russia is one of the main producers of the three main kinds of fertilizers — nitrogen, phosphate and potash.
實際上，在價值2,500億美元的全球肥料產業中，俄羅斯是三種主要肥料──氮肥、磷酸肥、鉀肥──的主要生產國之一。
Although these have not been restricted by sanctions, other trade impacts of the war have reduced Russia’s fertilizer exports by 13 million tons over the past year.
儘管這些肥料未受到制裁限制，由於戰爭所帶來的其他貿易影響，使俄羅斯去年的肥料出口量減少了1300萬噸。
sanction (n.)制裁impose a sanction on 對……實施制裁lift a sanction on 對……解除制裁
This has led to rising food insecurity from lack of fertilizer, particularly in places like Malawi, and has prompted the United Nations to intervene, releasing trapped fertilizer cargo from Russia at European ports and distributing it to areas where it is needed.
這造成特別像是馬拉威等地區因缺乏肥料而糧食不足問題日益嚴重，這促使聯合國介入，疏通被困在歐洲港口的俄羅斯肥料貨物，並將其分配到需要的地區。
lack of sth. 缺乏……prompt sb. to VR 促使某人去……intervene (v.)干涉、干預
As places in Africa and Southeast Asia are bearing the brunt of fertilizer shortages, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has recently promised that the G-20, which he chairs, will work to “‘depoliticize” global fertilizer supply to avoid widespread humanitarian crises.
隨著非洲和東南亞地區承受肥料短缺的沉重壓力，印度總理莫迪最近承諾，他所主持的G-20峰會將致力於將全球肥料供應「去政治化」，以避免廣泛的人道主義危機。
bear the brunt of sth. 承受……的最大壓力、首當其衝chair (v.)主持（會議）(n.) （一場會議或一個組織的）主席、椅子humanitarian (adj.)人道主義的humanitarian aid 人道援助
Belarus and China have restricted their fertilizer exports to protect their domestic supplies, prompting countries like Canada, the world’s largest producer of potash, as well as Morocco, home to 70% of the world’s phosphate reserves, to boost production of crop nutrients to help alleviate the global shortage.
白俄羅斯和中國限制肥料出口以保護國內供應，這促使許多國家增加肥料的生產，如全球最大的鉀肥生產國加拿大和擁有全球70％磷酸鹽儲備的摩洛哥，以協助緩解全球短缺的問題。
be home to 為……的所在地alleviate (v.)減輕,緩解alleviate pain 減輕疼痛alleviate stress 減緩壓力alleviate symptoms 減輕症狀