低利率支撐經濟
Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell adopted a new policy framework that lets inflation and employment run higher, keeping interest rates low for longer to support the economy.
聯儲會主席鮑爾採用新的政策架構，讓通膨和就業走高，在更長時間內維持低利率，以支撐經濟。
framework(n.)架構;框架、規則、(觀念或信仰的)框架體系、結構a legal framework法律體系employment(n.)就業;工作
The Fed will target an inflation rate that averages 2% over time, a step that implies allowing for price pressures to overshoot temporarily. Powell announced the new strategy of an average inflation target at the Fed’s annual conference in Jackson Hole, Wyoming.
聯準會把通膨率訂在一段時間內平均值為2％的目標，此舉暗示容許物價壓力暫時超標。鮑爾在懷俄明州傑克遜霍爾召開的聯準會年會上宣佈平均通膨目標的新策略。
target(n.)目標(v.)以…為目標overshoot(v.)超過;超出average inflation target平均通膨目標
That is significant because persistently low inflation can lead to deflation that may prompt consumers to put off purchases, hurting the economy.
這一點意義重大，因為持續低通膨會導致通貨緊縮，可能會促使消費者延後購物，不利經濟。
persistently(adv.)持續地;持久地persistent(adj.)持續的;持久的a persistent smell 持續不散的氣味deflation(n.)通貨緊縮inflation(n.)通貨膨脹
“Many find it counterintuitive that the Fed would want to push up inflation,” Powell said. “However, inflation that is persistently too low can pose serious risks to the economy.”
鮑爾說：「許多人發現聯準會想要推升通膨，這點跟直覺背道而馳，但是通膨持續過低可能對經濟構成嚴重風險。」
counterintuitive(adj.)違反直覺的;與預期相反的pose a risk to對…構成風險
In addition to the shift on inflation, the Fed also announced a policy tweak that changes the approach to employment in a way that will focus on those at the lower end of the income spectrum.
除了對通膨的轉變以外，聯準會還宣佈一項政策微調，來改變處理就業的方式，重點放在收入較低的階層。
tweak(v.)稍稍調整;微調approach to sth.(思考問題的)方式;方法;態度in a way 在某種程度上;從某方面看spectrum(n.)光譜、範圍;階層political spectrum政治光譜;政治派別
The Fed’s statement says its policy decision will be informed by the Fed’s “assessments of the shortfalls of employment from its maximum level,” rather than the previous “deviations from its maximum level.”
聯準會的聲明指出，它的政策決定將根據聯準會評估「就業距離最高水平的不足之處」，而不是之前「偏離最高水平」。
assessment(n.)評估;評估結果a fair assessment of the situation對情勢的合理評估shortfall(n.)不足之數;缺口;差額shortfalls in the food supply糧食供應短缺deviation(n.)背離;偏離;不同於正常情況
“This change reflects our appreciation for the benefits of a strong labor market, particularly for many in low- and moderate-income communities, and that a robust job market can be sustained without causing an unwelcome increase in inflation,” Powell said.
鮑爾說：「這個政策轉變反映我們對強勁勞工市場益處的體認，特別是對中低收入社區的許多人來說，也了解強勁的就業市場可以維持下去，不會引發不受歡迎的通膨上升。」
appreciation for sth.對…的體認benefit(n.)利益、好處、優勢、(僱主為員工提供的)福利政策a medical benefit 醫療保險福利moderate(adj.)中等的;溫和的、適度的moderate growth溫和的成長robust(adj.)強健的;結實的;強勁的a robust economy蓬勃發展的經濟sustain(v.)維持;持續
Practically speaking, the move means the Fed will be less inclined to raise interest rates simply because the unemployment rate falls, as long as inflation does not creep up as well.
實際上來說，這個舉措表明，只要通膨不跟著逐漸攀升，聯準會就不會單單是因為失業率下降就傾向升息。
practically speaking實際上來說be inclined to RV傾向於creep up慢慢增加;逐漸上升
The Fed also announced that it would conduct a public review of its monetary policy tools and strategy every five years.
聯準會還宣佈，每五年將公開檢討貨幣政策工具和策略。
conduct a public review公開檢討;公開評估conduct(v.)(正式)進行;處理;實施conducting a survey 進行一項調查