償還疫情貸款
Tokyo Shoko Research Ltd., a credit research firm, has reported that there were 4,042 corporate bankruptcies in Japan during the first half of 2023.
信用研究公司「東京商工研究」報告指出，日本在2023年上半年有4,042家企業破產。
conduct research做研究(=do research)over the course of在～期間(=during)
Not only is this number a five-year high, but it is also 32.1% greater than the number of bankruptcies during the same period last year.
這個數字不僅創下五年新高，而且比去年同期的破產案件數多了32.1%。
not only... but also不僅～而且～than (同樣東西) 較～為(亦可接 that)
One of the main reasons for this spike in bankruptcies is that companies recently had to start repaying the loan they received during the pandemic.
造成破產案激增的其中一個主要原因是企業最近必須開始償還他們在疫情期間所獲得的貸款。
spike(n.)激增(v.)激增(+to O)spiky(adj.)尖尖的spiky hair飛機頭repay(v.)償還、付清(=pay off)pandemic(n.)(全球的)流行病epidemic(n.)(區域性的)流行病
Additionally, some businesses have been hurt by the increasing costs of materials and labor.
此外，有些企業因原物料和勞力成本上升而受到打擊。
additionally(adv.)另外(=what’s more=in addition=moreover)material(n.)材料;（具能力的）料
Firms suffering from these problems rose by around 3.3-fold, with 300 going bankrupt in the first six months of 2023.
為這些問題困擾的企業增加了約3.3倍，其中有300家企業在2023年上半年宣告破產。
suffer(v.)遭受、受苦rise(v.)上升(rise-rose-risen; +by (幅度))fold(v.)摺疊(suf.)倍go bankrupt破產
Although there has been a large increase in bankruptcies, the total liabilities left behind by the companies actually fell to 934 billion yen — a 45.3% decrease — so far this year.
雖然破產案大幅增加，但今年迄今為止，企業留下的總負債實際上已降至9,340億日元，降幅為45.3%。
increase(n.)增加liabilities(n.)負債(複數)liability(n.)麻煩、累贅decrease(n.)下降
Last year’s total was so high because of the huge 1.13 trillion yen debt still held by auto parts producer Marelli Holdings Co. when it failed.
去年的總負債之所以如此的高，乃是因為汽車零件製造商Marelli Holdings公司在破產時還背有1.13兆日元的巨額債務。
auto parts汽車零件
Tokyo Shoko Research Ltd. has noted that there may be more corporate bankruptcies on the way soon, especially among companies that are recovering more slowly from the pandemic.
東京商工研究指出，可能很快就會有更多企業破產，尤其是從疫情中恢復較慢的企業。
on the way在路上 (=on one’s way)recover(v.)恢復recovery(n.)恢復I wish you a speedy recovery.祝您早日康復。