重振美國晶片製造業
US President Joe Biden recently signed the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 into legislation, committing $280 billion to supporting the United States’ domestic semiconductor manufacturing capabilities, along with research and development in advanced technology.
美國總統拜登最近簽署了《2022年晶片和科學法案》，將投入2,800億美元支持國內半導體製造能力以及先進技術的研發。
sign…into legislation簽署…成為法律;簽署生效=sign…into lawcommit(v.)犯(罪)、承諾、投入commit (a) crime犯罪devote(v.)投入
The CHIPS and Science Act, in which CHIPS is an acronym for “Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors,” is commonly referred to as CHIPS+, and has been welcomed by the local semiconductor industry, including chip designer Intel Corp.
《晶片和科學法案》，英文縮寫為CHIPS，全名為《為美國生產半導體創造有益的激勵措施法案》（Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors），一般稱作CHIPS+，受到了當地半導體業的歡迎，包括晶片設計廠英特爾在內。
acronym(n.)首字母縮略詞;縮寫字incentive(n.)激勵、刺激、鼓勵、誘因refer to…as…把…稱作為…be referred to as…被稱為…
The act received bipartisan support from US lawmakers, due to the realization that the US currently lacks any capacity to produce advanced microchips, which a 2021 White House report warned.
該法案獲得朝野議員的支持，因為他們意識到美國目前缺乏生產微型晶片的能力，如同白宮2021年報告所警告的。
bipartisan(adj.)為兩黨派所支持的、包括兩個黨派的a bipartisan approach to educational reform兩黨共同推行的教育改革路線realization(n.)明白、認識到、意識到
The country is currently forced to rely entirely on Taiwan and South Korea for production, having embraced a “fabless foundry” model where microchip technology is designed locally but manufacturing is outsourced abroad.
美國目前被迫完全依賴台灣和韓國進行晶片生產，採「無工廠晶片供應商」模式，微型晶片技術在本地設計，而製造則外包到國外。
fab(n.)(電子)晶片製造廠;晶圓廠outsource(v.)外包、委外、(將…)委外辦理
As it stands, $52.7 billion, plus a 25% investment tax credit, will go towards incentivizing domestic production, with Intel already planning to bring parts of its supply chain home with its new plants in Ohio.
就目前而言，527億美元加上25％的投資稅額減免將用於鼓勵國內生產，英特爾已經計劃將其部分供應鏈帶回本土，並在俄亥俄州建立新廠房。
as it stands就目前而言;按照現在情況;事實是這樣tax credit稅額減免;抵減稅額incentivize(v.)刺激;激勵=give incentives tosupply chain供應鏈
The bulk of the package, over $200 billion, will fund science and technology research in broad areas such as artificial intelligence, robotics, energy technologies, biotechnology, and quantum computing. Twenty government-backed regional technology centers will also be created, essentially training Americans for next-generation jobs as well as for scientific and technical research.
法案大半部分，價值超過2,000億美元的經費，將資助人工智慧、機器人學、能源技術、生物科技和量子計算等廣泛領域的科學和技術研究，並將創建20 個政府支持的區域技術中心，主要培訓美國人從事次世代工作與科學技術研究。
the bulk of…主體;大部分
Opposition to the act, as noted in Republican Senator Marco Rubio of Florida’s criticism, has focused mainly on the lack of guard rails that would prevent technological advancements from being leaked to China.
反對該法案的意見，如佛羅里達州參議員盧比奧所言，是缺乏防止技術突破洩漏到中國的防護措施。
opposition(n.)(強烈的)反對;反抗;對抗guard rail 護欄、扶欄、防護措施=guardrailleak(v.)(n.)洩露、透露(機密資訊)
Some Democrats have described the act as a corporate giveaway, while the Wall Street Journal has called it wasteful, citing that the demand for chips has been slowing.
有些民主黨議員認為該法案有圖利晶片業者嫌疑，而《華爾街日報》則稱該法案是浪費，因為需求正在放緩。
giveaway(n.)贈品