「分子背景」
Many people believe cancer begins when “bad cells” suddenly appear in the body.
許多人認為癌症的發生是因為體內「突然」出現壞細胞。
However, Dr. Chang Chia-ming, a specialist in medical genetics, recently challenged this idea.
然而，基因醫學專家張家銘醫師近日指出，事情其實並非如此。
specialist(n.)專家、專業人員specialize in專精於;精通gene(n.)基因、genetic(adj.)基因的、genetics(n.)基因學genetically(adv.)基因上genetically modified foods基因改造食品(GM foods)
According to him, cancer does not start simply because abnormal cells appear. Instead, it develops when the body’s “molecular background” changes.
他表示，癌症的形成並不是因為壞細胞突然出現，而是身體的「分子背景」發生了變化。
normal(adj.)正常的、abnormal(adj.)不正常的、abnormally(adj.)異常地
Our bodies produce mutated cells every day, but a healthy immune system usually removes them.
人體每天都會產生突變細胞，但健康的免疫系統通常會將它們清除。
mutate(v.)突變immune(adj.)免疫的、有免疫力的immune system免疫系統immunity(n.)免疫力
Cancer only develops when the internal environment begins to support the growth of these harmful cells.
只有當體內環境開始有利於這些有害細胞生長時，癌症才可能發展。
internal(adj.)體內的;內部的external(adj.)外部的
Whether these abnormal cells survive depends largely on what doctors call the “tumor microenvironment.”
壞細胞是否能存活，很大程度上取決於醫學上所稱的「腫瘤微環境」。
depend on取決於=hinge ontumor(n.)腫瘤benign(adj.)良性的malignant(adj.)惡性的
When the body experiences chronic stress or poor health, the immune system becomes less effective.
當身體長期處於壓力或健康狀況不佳時，免疫系統的效率會下降。
chronic(adj.)慢性的、長期的chronic disease慢性病acute disease急性病
Dr. Chang explains that chronic inflammation is one of the most important drivers.
張醫師指出，慢性發炎是最重要的推動因素之一。
inflammation(n.)發炎;炎症driver(n.)驅動因素
These low-level inflammatory signals can weaken the immune system and disrupt metabolism.
這些低度的發炎訊號會削弱免疫系統並干擾新陳代謝。
inflammatory(adj.)發炎的disrupt(v.)中斷;擾亂metabolism(n.)新陳代謝
As a result, the body may create a “fertile soil” where mutated cells can grow instead of being destroyed.
結果就是，體內可能形成一片「肥沃的土壤」，讓突變細胞得以生長，而不是被身體消滅。
as a result因此=consequentlyfertile(adj.)肥沃的fertile ground沃土infertile(adj.)(土地)貧瘠的
These molecular changes are closely related to our lifestyle.
這些分子層面的變化其實與我們的生活方式密切相關。
be closely related to~與～息息相關
Dr. Chang suggests three simple ways to help “reset” your molecular background.
張醫師提出三個簡單的方法，幫助「重置」身體的分子背景。
First, keep your blood sugar stable by reducing refined foods.
首先，減少精緻食物，以維持血糖穩定。
refined(adj.)精緻的
Second, exercise for about 30 minutes each day to improve circulation.
其次是每天運動約30分鐘，促進血液循環。
Third, make sleep a priority. He emphasizes that stable and sufficient sleep is when the body repairs itself, helping the immune system detect and repair damaged cells more effectively.
第三，要重視睡眠。他強調，穩定且充足的睡眠是身體修復的重要時段，能幫助免疫系統更有效地監測並修復受損細胞。
sufficient(adj.)足夠的detect(v.)偵測
In short, cancer is often the result of long-term changes in the body’s internal environment.
總結來說，癌症往往是體內環境長期變化累積的結果。
in short簡而言之，總之
As Dr. Chang says, “When the internal environment remains stable, harmful cells have difficulty growing.”
正如張醫師所說：「只要體內環境維持穩定，壞細胞就難以生長。」
By paying attention to daily habits, we can support the body’s natural repair system.
透過留意日常習慣，我們可以支持身體原本就具備的修復系統。
Rather than fearing the sudden appearance of disease, we should focus on creating an internal environment where cancer simply cannot survive.
與其害怕疾病突然出現，不如努力打造一個讓癌症難以生存的體內環境。
rather than而不是