生物害蟲防治
Approximately 40 percent of the world`s agricultural crops are lost to pests each year, according to a report published by the United Nations.
根據聯合國發布的一份報告，全球每年因害蟲而損失大約四成的農作物。
approximately=aboutcrop(n.)作物
To secure the yields of pest-infested crops, farmers may use pesticides.
為了確保被害蟲侵襲的作物的產量，農民可能會使用農藥。
yield(n.)產量、收益(v.)結果、產出infest(v.)(動物或害蟲等)大批出沒於pesticide(n.)農藥、殺蟲劑，字尾cide=killing，herbicide除草劑、genocide種族滅絕
In most cases, pesticides are synthetic chemicals applied to crops to eliminate unwanted intruders.
農藥大多數是化學合成製品，用來消滅作物上有害的侵略者。
synthetic(adj.)合成的、人造的，synthetic fibers人造纖維eliminate(v.)消滅intruder(n.)侵入者，intrude(v.)侵入、闖入
Nevertheless, they can result in undesirable negative effects on other organisms living in the same ecosystem, not just on the organisms they are meant to control.
然而，它們會對生活在同一個生態系統中其他的生物，造成不良的負面影響，而不只是那些應該被抑制的生物。
organism(n.)生物、有機體
Luckily, farmers nowadays have more sustainable alternatives at their disposal, such as biological control.
幸運的是，現在農民可使用更永續的替代方法，像是生物防治。
sustainable(adj.)可長期維持的，sustainable development(agriculture)永續發展(農業)alternative(n.)可供選擇的事物(尤指與平常事物不同的)at one’s disposal可供某人使用
This pest-control technique involves using a natural predator to eradicate the harmful species.
這種害蟲防治的技術是利用天敵來根除有害物種，
involve(v.)包含、需要predator(n.)掠奪者、食肉動物eradicate(v.)連根拔除、消滅，-radic-=root根部
For example, greenflies, a small bug that feeds by sucking sap from plants, are commonly found on the leaves of crop plants.
例如，蚜蟲是一種靠吸取植物汁液為生的小蟲，常見於農作物的葉子上，
sap(n.)植物的汁液
As one of its natural predators, ladybugs could be introduced to the environment to control the population of greenflies.
它的天敵之一，瓢蟲可被引入環境中來控制蚜蟲的數量。
introduce(v.)採用、引進
Another example concerns wineries in South Africa.
另一個例子是南非的釀酒廠，
winery(n.)釀酒廠
Vineyard owners there enlist the assistance of ducks to protect grapes from snails and bugs.
那裡的葡萄園主得到鴨子的幫助，來保護葡萄免受蝸牛和蟲子的侵害，
vineyard(n.)葡萄園，vine(n.)葡萄藤enlist(v.)獲得幫助、支持
In addition to reducing pesticide use, duck droppings can also serve as fertilizer to the soil.
除了減少農藥的使用，鴨糞便還可以當作土壤的肥料，
dropping(n.)鳥獸的糞便fertilizer(n.)肥料，fertilize(v.)使肥沃
This practice saves the grape farmers a considerable amount of money and prevents chemical contamination of the environment.
這個方法替葡萄農夫省下一筆可觀的費用，並且防止環境受到化學汙染。
contamination(n.)汙染，contaminate(v.)弄髒、汙染