民主的可貴
Taiwan is a democratic country that is ruled by a president and vice president who are elected directly by citizens every four years.
台灣是一個民主國家，由公民每四年直接選舉產生的總統和副總統執政。
democratic(adj.)民主的democracy(n.)民主、民主國家rule(v.)統治citizen(n.)公民a senior citizen資深公民（老年人的敬稱）
In addition to these leaders, the central government is also made up of five major branches, called “yuans,” which each have different responsibilities and functions.
除了這些領導人之外，中央政府還由五大部門組成，被稱為「院」，每個院都擁有不同的職責和職能。
be made up=be composed of=be comprised of=consist of由～組成major(adj.)(n.)主要的、主修科目function(n.)功能
The 113 members of the Legislative Yuan, who make laws for the country, are also elected at the same time as the president and vice president.
立法院113名成員負責為國家制定法律，也與總統和副總統同時選舉產生。
Below the central government, the country is divided into 13 counties, six special municipalities — New Taipei, Taichung, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Taoyuan and Tainan cities — and three cities — Keelung, Hsinchu and Chiayi cities.
在中央政府之下，全國劃分為13個縣、6個直轄市（新北市、台中市、高雄市、台北市、桃園市和台南市）以及3個市（基隆市、新竹市和嘉義市）。
divide sth. into sth. 將～分為～municipality(n.)市、自治市
These areas are further broken down into many townships and districts, most of which have their own local governments.
這些地區又細分為許多鄉鎮和區，其中大多數都有自己的地方政府。
further(adj.)（距離）更遠的、（程度）更近一步的farther(adj.)（距離）更遠的break down…into…將～細分成～own up to sth. 承認～的錯誤
Elections for these local officials, known as the Nine-in-One Elections for the nine types of officials that are elected in them, are held every four years.
這些地方官員的選舉每四年舉行一次，因選舉產生九類官員而被稱為「九合一選舉」。
official(n.)官員
These elections are usually held two years after a presidential election.
「九合一選舉」通常在總統選舉後的兩年舉行。
In total, more than 11,100 local officials are elected by citizens across the country during these elections.
在這些選舉中，全國共有超過11,100名地方官員由公民選舉產生。
in total=all told總共more than=in excess of超越nationwide(adv.)全國worldwide(adv.)全球
Currently, there are several major political parties in Taiwan.
目前，在台灣有幾個主要政黨。
The largest two are the Democratic Progressive Party and the Kuomintang.
最大的兩個是民主進步黨和國民黨。
However, the Taiwan People’s Party and New Power Party have also had members elected to the Legislative Yuan.
然而，台灣民眾黨和時代力量也有成員入選立法院。