動盪的中亞交界處
Nicknamed by many in the media as the graveyard of empires, Afghanistan has witnessed many defeats and retreats of mighty foreign invaders.
阿富汗被許多媒體稱為帝國墳場，它見證了眾多強大外國侵略者的失敗和撤退。
nickname (v.)取綽號graveyard=cemetery (n.)墓園empire (n.)帝國 Empire State Building 帝國大廈defeat (n.)失敗retreat (n.)撤退might (n.)力量 mighty (adj.)強大的
Situated at the crossroads of Central Asia, Afghanistan occupies a strategic position in the region’s geopolitics.
阿富汗位於中亞交界處，在該地區的地緣政治佔據了策略性位置。
crossroads (n.)交叉路occupy (v.)佔據geopolitics (n.)地緣政治
Therefore, great powers seeking to expand their influence into the area often choose to engage Afghans in armed conflicts.
因此，渴望將影響力深入該區的強權經常選擇與阿富汗人發生武裝衝突。
expand (v.)擴張,擴大 expand your business 擴張你的事業armed (adj.)武裝的,使用武器的conflict (n.)衝突,鬥爭
Alexander the Great, who established an empire spanning Greece to India, fought the most challenging military campaign in his entire army career in Afghanistan and was wounded in battle.
亞歷山大大帝建立了版圖從希臘擴及到印度的帝國，他整個軍事生涯當中打過最艱難的一場戰役就是在阿富汗，且在戰場上受了傷。
challenging (adj.)具有挑戰性的campaign (n.) (商業,軍事,政治)活動wound (v.)傷害,使受傷
Genghis Khan, the founder of the Mongol Empire, conquered the land but suffered a tremendous loss.
蒙古帝國的創建者成吉思汗征服了該地但卻也遭受嚴重損失。
found (v.)建立,成立 founder (n.)創建者,創辦人 co-founder (n.)共同創辦人conquer (v.)佔領,征服
The political turmoil that has plagued the country for centuries continues well into the twentieth and twenty-first century.
折磨該國好幾世紀的政治動盪持續到二十和二十一世紀。
economic turmoil 經濟動盪plaque (n.)瘟疫 (v.)折磨,使受煎熬
At the height of the Cold War, the Soviet Union invaded the country to prop up a communist regime that lasted for ten years, eventually leading to countless deaths on both sides.
在冷戰高峰期時，蘇聯侵略該國並扶植一個持續十年的共產政權，最終雙方皆死傷無數。
at the height of 在…的高峰時期, 在…的全盛時期prop up 支撐,支持regime (n.)政權
In 2001, in the wake of the 911 terrorist attack, the U.S. removed the Taliban regime, only to see the group’s return two decades later after American troops left.
在2001年，在911攻擊事件之後，美國推翻塔利班政權，卻在二十年後美國軍隊撤離時又見塔利班的回歸。
in the wake of 隨……之後而來,作為……的後果remove (v.)移除overthrow (v.)推翻only to+意外或不幸的結果