人工智慧教父
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded on Oct. 8 to a pair of scientists — American John Hopfeld and British-Canadian Geoffrey Hinton.
2024年10月8日，美國科學家約翰·霍普菲爾德和英裔加拿大籍科學家傑佛瑞·辛頓獲頒諾貝爾物理學獎。
a pair of~一雙、一對~
According to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, which issues the prestigious award, these two Nobel laureates were chosen for their “foundational discoveries and inventions that enable machine learning with artificial neural networks.”
根據頒獎機構瑞典皇家科學院的說明，這兩位諾貝爾獎得主因其在「奠基性的發現和發明，使人工神經網路的機器學習得以實現」而獲選。
issue(v.)頒發prestigious(adj.)有聲望的、受人尊敬的laureate(n.)獲獎者、得獎人foundational(adj.)基礎的;基本的artificial neural networks人工神經網路
Hopfield and Hinton were honored with the Nobel prize because of their pioneering roles in developing machine learning systems that helped lay the foundation for today’s artificial intelligence technology.
霍普菲爾德和辛頓之所以榮獲此獎，是因為他們是開發機器學習系統方面的先驅，奠定了今日人工智慧技術的基礎。
honor(v.)公開表揚pioneering(adj.) 先驅性的;開創性的lay the foundation for~為～奠定基礎artificial intelligence人工智慧
In the cases of both scientists, their work, which was grounded in “fundamental concepts and methods from physics,” allowed computers to start mimicking brain “functions such as memory and learning.”
兩位科學家的研究以「物理學的基本概念和方法」為基礎，使得電腦開始模擬人腦的「記憶和學習等功能」。
in the case of…就～而言be grounded in…以～為基礎…fundamental(adj.)基本的;基礎的mimic(v.)模仿、模擬
Hopfield, a 91-year-old professor emeritus at Princeton University, was recognized for his “associative memory” system called the Hopfield network.
91歲的霍普菲爾德是普林斯頓大學的榮譽教授，因發明被稱為「霍普菲爾德神經網路」的「聯想式記憶」系統而受到肯定。
emeritus(adj.)榮譽的、退休後仍有榮譽稱號的professor emeritus榮譽教授associative memory聯想式記憶
Originally discovered in 1982, this “network can store patterns and has a method for recreating them” by utilizing a system of nodes trained with an “energy formula” to save and differentiate image input.
這個「網路能夠儲存和重現模式」，透過利用經過「能量公式」訓練的節點系統來儲存和區分圖像輸入。
store(v.)儲存recreate(v.)使再現;再創造utilize(v.)利用node(n.)節點differentiate(v.)區分;辨別
Hinton, 76, is known as “a godfather of AI,” according to Reuters, and is currently a professor emeritus at the University of Toronto.
76歲的辛頓被路透社稱為「人工智慧教父」，目前是多倫多大學的榮譽教授。
godfather(n.)教父、(犯罪組織的，尤指黑手黨家族中的)頭號人物;首領
His work in machine learning was built on the foundation of Hopfield’s discoveries.
他的機器學習研究建立在霍普菲爾德發現的基礎上。
be built on…建立在～之上foundation(n.)地基、根基、基礎
Along with another colleague, Hinton “started from the Hopfield network and expanded it to build something new, using ideas from statistical physics.” The result was a system of interconnected nodes that could be trained to perceive properties in data and identify “specific elements in pictures.”
辛頓與另一位同事以「霍普菲爾德神經網路」為起點，進一步結合統計物理的概念，發展出一種新型系統，其結果是一個由互相連接的節點組成的系統，能夠被訓練來辨識數據中的特徵，甚至可以辨別「圖像中的特定元素」。
statistical physics統計物理學interconnected(adj.)互相連接的;互相聯繫的perceive(v.)察覺;注意到;意識到property(n.)特性;屬性
Although the Nobel Committee recognized Hopfield and Hinton’s contributions to AI, it also raised fears about the ethical use of such technology.
雖然諾貝爾委員會肯定霍普菲爾德和辛頓對人工智慧的貢獻，但同時也對此類技術使用的倫理問題表示擔憂。
contribution(s) to…對～的貢獻raise fears引起恐懼或擔憂ethical(adj.) 道德的;倫理的
Hinton himself has echoed these concerns, even quitting “a role at Google” to be able to speak more freely about the pitfalls of AI.
辛頓本人也表達類似疑慮，甚至辭去「在谷歌的職位」，以便更自由地談論人工智慧的潛在危害。
echo(v.)附和pitfall(n.)隱患、陷阱、危險
Despite this move, Hinton has also revealed that he would repeat his previous work, even in the face of the “possible bad consequences” trainable technology now poses to humanity.
儘管如此，辛頓也透露，即使面對可訓練技術現在給對人類帶來的「負面後果」，他依然會選擇重複當年的研究。
in the face of…面臨…;面對…pose(v.) 造成;引起(尤指問題或困難)