開創解決貧困方法
A trio of academics has been awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in economics for their work to alleviate poverty in the developing world.
今年的諾貝爾經濟學獎由三位學者共同獲得，以表揚他們對解決開發中世界貧窮問題的貢獻。
academic(adj.)學術的;學院的(n.)大學教師;學者academic qualifications學歷academic institutions學術機構alleviate(v.)減輕;緩和;緩解=relieve
MIT economists Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo secured the 9m Swedish krona ($915,300) prize with Harvard professor Michael Kremer on Monday. Duflo, 46, is only the second woman to win a Nobel Prize in economics and the youngest recipient in the prize’s 50-year history.
週一麻省理工學院的經濟學家巴納吉、杜芙若、以及哈佛大學教授克雷默三位學者獲頒諾貝爾經濟學獎，贏得9百萬克朗（915,300美元）的獎金，其中46歲的杜芙若更是經濟學獎史上第二位女性獲獎者，也是50年來最年輕的得獎者。
secure(v.)(經過一番努力)獲得recipient(n.)得獎人
Duflo said she was surprised by the award, as it is usually bestowed on older, more experienced academics.
杜芙若說很驚訝自己會得獎，因為以往諾貝爾經濟學獎通常頒給較年長、更有經驗的學者，
bestow(v.)授獎;頒贈
Asked if it was important that a woman was recognized by the academy, she said: “Showing that it is possible for a woman to succeed and be recognized for success is hopefully going to inspire many, many other women to continue working, and many other men to give them the respect they deserve.”
當被問到女性獲得學院的肯定是否意義重大時，她表示：「展現女性也能成功並受到肯定，我希望這能激勵更多、更多的女性繼續努力，並讓更多男性給予女性值得的尊重。」
Asked if…=When she was asked if…recognize(v.)表彰;嘉獎;表揚academy(n.)學院
Duflo is already eminent in the economics field after winning the 2010 John Bates Clark Medal, which selects economists under 40 that have made “the most significant contribution to economic thought and knowledge”.
從2010年獲約翰·貝茨·克拉克獎評選為「40歲以下對經濟思想和知識有重大貢獻的經濟學家」之後，杜芙若在經濟學界就備受矚目。
eminent(adj.)顯赫的、卓越的、著名的=distinguished=renownedcontribution(n.)貢獻
According to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the three scholars pioneered an approach to fighting poverty that was based on meticulously designed experiments that sought answers to specific policy questions.
頒獎單位瑞典皇家科學院指出，三位學者開創了解決貧困的方法，以精心設計的實驗為基礎，尋求特定政策問題的答案，
pioneer(v.)做先鋒;當開拓者;倡導;率先提出be based on~以…為基礎meticulously(v.)嚴謹地;注重細節地seek-sought-sought尋找;尋求
Their research findings have “dramatically improved our ability to fight poverty in practice,” the prize committee wrote.
他們的研究發現「大幅提升我們對抗貧窮問題的實踐力。」
dramatically(adv.)戲劇化地;大幅地in practice實際上;實踐
“As a direct result of their research, more than 5 million Indian children have benefited from remedial tutoring in schools, while many countries have introduced heavy subsidies for preventive health care.”
「他們的研究成果讓500多萬名印度兒童受惠於學校的補習輔導，也讓許多國家為預防性醫療保健提供了巨額補貼。
benefit from…從…獲益remedial(adj.)補救的remedy(n.)療法;治療;補救(辦法)，糾正(辦法)subsidy(n.)補貼、補助preventive(adj.)預防性的take preventive measures against~ 針對…採取預防措施
“In just two decades, their new experiment-based approach has transformed development economics,” the committee said in a press release.
瑞典皇家科學院在新聞稿中指出，在短短二十年內，三位研究者以實驗為基礎的研究方法徹底改變了發展經濟學，
development economics發展經濟學
Researchers studying development economics as well as governments and NGOs around the world now use the tools and methods that Duflo, Banerjee, and Kremer established to make critical policy decisions in areas such as education and public health intervention work.
研究發展經濟學的學者以及世界各地的政府與非政府組織現在都使用巴納吉、杜芙若與克雷默建立的工具和方法在教育和公共衛生介入工作等領域做出重要的決策。
critical(adj.)關鍵的;至關重要的intervention(n.)介入;干預